Major documentation update, the new drone version files released

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Oleg Kalachev 2024-10-23 10:17:47 +03:00
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README.md
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# flix
# Flix
**flix** (*flight + X*) — making an open source ESP32-based quadcopter from scratch.
**Flix** (*flight + X*) — making an open source ESP32-based quadcopter from scratch.
<img src="docs/img/flix.jpg" width=500 alt="Flix quadcopter">
<table>
<tr>
<td align=center><strong>Version 1</strong> (3D-printed frame)</td>
<td align=center><strong>Version 0</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="docs/img/flix1.jpg" width=500 alt="Flix quadcopter"></td>
<td><img src="docs/img/flix.jpg" width=500 alt="Flix quadcopter"></td>
</tr>
</table>
## Features
@ -15,55 +24,123 @@
* MAVLink support.
* Control using mobile phone (with QGroundControl app).
* ESCs with reverse mode support.
* *Textbook and videos for students on writing a flight controller\*.*
* *Completely 3D-printed frame*.*
* *Position control and autonomous flights using external camera\**.
* Completely 3D-printed frame.
* *Textbook and videos for students on writing a flight controller¹.*
* *Position control and autonomous flights using external camera¹*.
* [Building and running instructions](docs/build.md).
*\* — planned.*
*¹ — planned.*
## It actually flies
See detailed demo video (for version 0): https://youtu.be/8GzzIQ3C6DQ.
<a href="https://youtu.be/8GzzIQ3C6DQ"><img width=500 src="https://i3.ytimg.com/vi/8GzzIQ3C6DQ/maxresdefault.jpg"></a>
See YouTube demo video: https://youtu.be/8GzzIQ3C6DQ.
Version 1 test flight: https://t.me/opensourcequadcopter/42.
<a href="https://t.me/opensourcequadcopter/42"><img width=500 src="docs/img/flight-video.jpg"></a>
## Simulation
Simulation in Gazebo using a plugin that runs original Arduino code is implemented:
The simulator is implemented using Gazebo and runs the original Arduino code:
<img src="docs/img/simulator.png" width=500 alt="Flix simulator">
## Schematics
See [instructions on running the simulation](docs/build.md).
<img src="docs/img/schematics.svg" width=800 alt="Flix schematics">
## Components (version 1)
You can also check a user contributed [variant of complete circuit diagram](https://miro.com/app/board/uXjVN-dTjoo=/) of the drone.
|Type|Part|Image|Quantity|
|-|-|:-:|:-:|
|Microcontroller board|ESP32 Mini|<img src="docs/img/esp32.jpg" width=100>|1|
|IMU and barometer² board|GY-91 (or other MPU-9250 board)|<img src="docs/img/gy-91.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Motor|8520 3.7V brushed motor (**shaft 0.8mm!**)|<img src="docs/img/motor.jpeg" width=100>|4|
|Propeller|Hubsan 55 mm|<img src="docs/img/prop.jpg" width=100>|4|
|MOSFET (transistor)|100N03A or [compatible](https://t.me/opensourcequadcopter/33)|<img src="docs/img/100n03a.jpg" width=100>|4|
|Pull-down resistor|10 kΩ|<img src="docs/img/resistor10k.jpg" width=100>|4|
|3.7V Li-Po battery|LW 952540 (or any compatible by the size)|<img src="docs/img/battery.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Li-Po Battery charger|Any|<img src="docs/img/charger.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Screws for IMU board mounting|M3x5|<img src="docs/img/screw-m3.jpg" width=100>|2|
|Screws for frame assembly|M1.4x5|<img src="docs/img/screw-m1.4.jpg" height=30 align=center>|4|
|Frame bottom part|3D printed: [`flix-frame.stl`](docs/assets/flix-frame.stl)|<img src="docs/img/frame1.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Frame top part|3D printed: [`esp32-holder.stl`](docs/assets/esp32-holder.stl)|<img src="docs/img/esp32-holder.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Washer for IMU board mounting|3D printed: [`washer-m3.stl`](docs/assets/washer-m3.stl)|<img src="docs/img/washer-m3.jpg" width=100>|1|
|*RC transmitter (optional)*|*KINGKONG TINY X8 or other³*|<img src="docs/img/tx.jpg" width=100>|1|
|*RC receiver (optional)*|*DF500 or other³*|<img src="docs/img/rx.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Wires|28 AWG recommended|<img src="docs/img/wire-28awg.jpg" width=100>||
|Tape, double-sided tape||||
*\* — SBUS inverter is not needed as ESP32 supports [software pin inversion](https://github.com/bolderflight/sbus#inverted-serial).*
*² — barometer is not used for now.*
## Components (version 0)
*³ — you may use any transmitter-receiver pair with SBUS interface.*
|Component|Type|Image|Quantity|
|-|-|-|-|
|ESP32 Mini|Microcontroller board|<img src="docs/img/esp32.jpg" width=100>|1|
|GY-91|IMU+LDO+barometer board|<img src="docs/img/gy-91.jpg" width=100>|1|
|K100|Quadcopter frame|<img src="docs/img/frame.jpg" width=100>|1|
|8520 3.7V brushed motor (**shaft 0.8mm!**)|Motor|<img src="docs/img/motor.jpeg" width=100>|4|
|Hubsan 55 mm| Propeller|<img src="docs/img/prop.jpg" width=100>|4|
|2.7A 1S Dual Way Micro Brush ESC|Motor ESC|<img src="docs/img/esc.jpg" width=100>|4|
|KINGKONG TINY X8|RC transmitter|<img src="docs/img/tx.jpg" width=100>|1|
|DF500 (SBUS)|RC receiver|<img src="docs/img/rx.jpg" width=100>|1|
||~~SBUS inverter~~*|<img src="docs/img/inv.jpg" width=100>|~~1~~|
|3.7 Li-Po 850 MaH 60C|Battery|||
||Battery charger|<img src="docs/img/charger.jpg" width=100>|1|
||Wires, connectors, tape, ...|||
||3D-printed frame parts|||
Tools required for assembly:
*\* — not needed as ESP32 supports [software pin inversion](https://github.com/bolderflight/sbus#inverted-serial).*
* 3D printer.
* Soldering iron.
* Solder wire (with flux).
* Screwdrivers.
* Multimeter.
Feel free to modify the design and or code, and create your own improved versions of Flix! Send your results to the [official Telegram chat](https://t.me/opensourcequadcopterchat), or directly to the author ([E-mail](mailto:okalachev@gmail.com), [Telegram](https://t.me/okalachev)).
## Schematics (version 1)
### Simplified connection diagram
<img src="docs/img/schematics1.svg" width=800 alt="Flix version 1 schematics">
Motor connection scheme:
<img src="docs/img/mosfet-connection.png" height=400 alt="MOSFET connection scheme">
Complete diagram is Work-in-Progress.
### Notes
* Power ESP32 Mini with Li-Po battery using VCC (+) and GND (-) pins.
* Connect the GY-91 board to the ESP32 Mini using VSPI , power it using 3.3V and GND pins:
|GY-91 pin|ESP32 pin|
|-|-|
|GND|GND|
|3.3V|3.3V|
|SCK|SVP (GPIO18)|
|MOSI|GPIO23|
|MISO|GPIO19|
|NCS|GPIO5|
* Solder pull-down resistors to the MOSFETs.
* Connect the motors to the ESP32 Mini using MOSFETs, by following scheme:
|Motor|Position|Direction|Wires|GPIO|
|-|-|-|-|-|
|Motor 0|Rear left|Counter-clockwise|Black & White|GPIO12|
|Motor 1|Rear right|Clockwise|Blue & Red|GPIO13|
|Motor 2|Front right|Counter-clockwise|Black & White|GPIO14|
|Motor 3|Front left|Clockwise|Blue & Red|GPIO15|
Counter-clockwise motors have black and white wires and clockwise motors have blue and red wires.
* Optionally connect the RC receiver to the ESP32's UART2:
|Receiver pin|ESP32 pin|
|-|-|
|GND|GND|
|VIN|VC (or 3.3V depending on the receiver)|
|Signal|GPIO4 ⁴|
*⁴  UART2 RX pin was [changed](https://docs.espressif.com/projects/arduino-esp32/en/latest/migration_guides/2.x_to_3.0.html#id14) to GPIO4 in Arduino ESP32 core 3.0.*
## Version 0
See the information on the obsolete version 0 in the [corresponding article](docs/version0.md).
## Materials
Subscribe to Telegram-channel on developing the drone and the flight controller (in Russian): https://t.me/opensourcequadcopter.
Subscribe to the Telegram channel on developing the drone and the flight controller (in Russian): https://t.me/opensourcequadcopter.
Join the official Telegram chat: https://t.me/opensourcequadcopterchat.
Detailed article on Habr.com about the development of the drone (in Russian): https://habr.com/ru/articles/814127/.

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make simulator
```
### Flight
### Setup and flight
Use USB remote control or [QGroundControl mobile app](https://docs.qgroundcontrol.com/master/en/qgc-user-guide/getting_started/download_and_install.html#android) (with *Virtual Joystick* setting enabled) to control the drone. *Auto-Center Throttle* setting **should be disabled**.
#### Control with smartphone
1. Install [QGroundControl mobile app](https://docs.qgroundcontrol.com/master/en/qgc-user-guide/getting_started/download_and_install.html#android) on your smartphone.
2. Connect your smartphone to the same Wi-Fi network as the machine running the simulator.
3. If you're using a virtual machine, make sure that its network is set to the **bridged** mode with Wi-Fi adapter selected.
4. Run the simulation.
5. Open QGroundControl app. It should connect and begin showing the virtual drone's telemetry automatically.
6. Go to the settings and enable *Virtual Joystick*. *Auto-Center Throttle* setting **should be disabled**.
7. Use the virtual joystick to fly the drone!
#### Control with USB remote control
1. Connect your USB remote control to the machine running the simulator.
2. Run the simulation.
3. Calibrate the RC using `cr` command in the command line interface and stop the simulation.
4. Copy the calibration results to the source code (`gazebo/joystick.h`).
5. Run the simulation again.
6. Use the USB remote control to fly the drone!
## Firmware
@ -119,12 +136,33 @@ Use USB remote control or [QGroundControl mobile app](https://docs.qgroundcontro
See other available Make commands in the [Makefile](../Makefile).
### Setup and flight
Before flight you need to calibrate the accelerometer:
1. Open Serial Monitor in Arduino IDE (use use `make monitor` command in the command line).
2. Type `ca` command there.
3. Copy calibration results to the source code (`flix/imu.ino`).
#### Control with smartphone
1. Install [QGroundControl mobile app](https://docs.qgroundcontrol.com/master/en/qgc-user-guide/getting_started/download_and_install.html#android) on your smartphone.
2. Power the drone using the battery.
3. Connect your smartphone to the appeared `flix` Wi-Fi network.
4. Open QGroundControl app. It should connect and begin showing the drone's telemetry automatically.
5. Go to the settings and enable *Virtual Joystick*. *Auto-Center Throttle* setting **should be disabled**.
6. Use the virtual joystick to fly the drone!
#### Control with remote control
Before flight using remote control, you need to calibrate it:
1. Open Serial Monitor in Arduino IDE (use use `make monitor` command in the command line).
2. Type `cr` command there.
3. Copy calibration results to the source code (`flix/rc.ino`).
Then you can use your remote control to fly the drone!
### Firmware code structure
See [firmware overview](firmware.md) for more details.
## Setup
Before flight in simulation and on the real drone, you need to calibrate your remote control. Use drone's command line interface (`make monitor` on the real drone) and type `cr` command. Copy calibration results to the source code (`flix/rc.ino` and/or `gazebo/joystick.h`).
On the real drone, you also need to calibrate the accelerometer and the gyroscope. Use `ca` and `cg` commands for that. Copy calibration results to the source code (`flix/imu.ino`).

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# Flix version 0
Flix version 0 (obsolete):
<img src="img/flix.jpg" width=500 alt="Flix quadcopter">
## Components list
|Type|Part|Image|Quantity|
|-|-|-|-|
|Microcontroller board|ESP32 Mini|<img src="img/esp32.jpg" width=100>|1|
|IMU and barometer² board|GY-91 (or other MPU-9250 board)|<img src="img/gy-91.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Quadcopter frame|K100|<img src="img/frame.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Motor|8520 3.7V brushed motor (**shaft 0.8mm!**)|<img src="img/motor.jpeg" width=100>|4|
|Propeller|Hubsan 55 mm|<img src="img/prop.jpg" width=100>|4|
|Motor ESC|2.7A 1S Dual Way Micro Brush ESC|<img src="img/esc.jpg" width=100>|4|
|RC transmitter|KINGKONG TINY X8|<img src="img/tx.jpg" width=100>|1|
|RC receiver|DF500 (SBUS)|<img src="img/rx.jpg" width=100>|1|
|~~SBUS inverter~~*||<img src="img/inv.jpg" width=100>|~~1~~|
|Battery|3.7 Li-Po 850 MaH 60C|||
|Battery charger||<img src="img/charger.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Wires, connectors, tape, ...|||
*\* — not needed as ESP32 supports [software pin inversion](https://github.com/bolderflight/sbus#inverted-serial).*
## Schematics
<img src="img/schematics.svg" width=800 alt="Flix schematics">
You can also check a user contributed [variant of complete circuit diagram](https://miro.com/app/board/uXjVN-dTjoo=/) of the drone.