2 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Oleg Kalachev 0b2496231a Update website 2024-06-17 10:13:04 +03:00
Oleg Kalachev e1ff92c5f0 Website 2024-03-04 03:18:04 +03:00
104 changed files with 413 additions and 5436 deletions
-15
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@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
root = true
[*]
end_of_line = lf
insert_final_newline = true
[*.{ino,cpp,c,h,hpp,sdf,world,json}]
charset = utf-8
indent_style = tab
tab_width = 4
trim_trailing_whitespace = true
[{*.yml,*.yaml,CMakeLists.txt}]
indent_style = space
indent_size = 2
-2
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@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
# https://github.com/github-linguist/linguist/blob/master/docs/overrides.md
*.h linguist-language=C++
-81
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@@ -1,81 +0,0 @@
name: Build
on:
push:
branches: [ '*' ]
pull_request:
branches: [ master ]
jobs:
build_linux:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Install Arduino CLI
run: curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/arduino/arduino-cli/master/install.sh | BINDIR=/usr/local/bin sh
- name: Build firmware
run: make
- name: Check c_cpp_properties.json
run: tools/check_c_cpp_properties.py
build_macos:
runs-on: macos-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Install Arduino CLI
run: brew install arduino-cli
- name: Build firmware
run: make
- name: Check c_cpp_properties.json
run: tools/check_c_cpp_properties.py
build_windows:
runs-on: windows-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Install Arduino CLI
run: choco install arduino-cli
- name: Install Make
run: choco install make
- name: Build firmware
run: make
- name: Check c_cpp_properties.json
run: python3 tools/check_c_cpp_properties.py
build_simulator:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- name: Install Arduino CLI
uses: arduino/setup-arduino-cli@v1.1.1
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Install Gazebo
run: curl -sSL http://get.gazebosim.org | sh
- name: Install SDL2
run: sudo apt-get install libsdl2-dev
- name: Build simulator
run: make build_simulator
- uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
with:
name: gazebo-plugin-binary
path: gazebo/build/*.so
retention-days: 1
build_simulator_macos:
runs-on: macos-latest
steps:
- name: Install Arduino CLI
run: brew install arduino-cli
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Clean up python binaries # Workaround for https://github.com/actions/setup-python/issues/577
run: |
rm -f /usr/local/bin/2to3*
rm -f /usr/local/bin/idle3*
rm -f /usr/local/bin/pydoc3*
rm -f /usr/local/bin/python3*
rm -f /usr/local/bin/python3*-config
- name: Install Gazebo
run: brew update && brew tap osrf/simulation && brew install gazebo11
- name: Install SDL2
run: brew install sdl2
- name: Build simulator
run: make build_simulator
-33
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@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
name: Build tools
on:
push:
branches: [ '*' ]
pull_request:
branches: [ master ]
jobs:
csv_to_ulog:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Build csv_to_ulog
run: cd tools/csv_to_ulog && mkdir build && cd build && cmake .. && make
- name: Test csv_to_ulog
run: |
cd tools/csv_to_ulog/build
echo -e "t,x,y,z\n0,1,2,3\n1,4,5,6" > log.csv
./csv_to_ulog log.csv
test $(stat -c %s log.ulg) -eq 196
python_tools:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Install Python dependencies
run: pip install -r tools/requirements.txt
- name: Test csv_to_mcap tool
run: |
cd tools
echo -e "t,x,y,z\n0,1,2,3\n1,4,5,6" > log.csv
./csv_to_mcap.py log.csv
test $(stat -c %s log.mcap) -eq 883
-12
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@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
*.hex
*.elf
build/
tools/log/
.dependencies
.vscode/*
!.vscode/settings.json
!.vscode/c_cpp_properties.json
!.vscode/tasks.json
!.vscode/launch.json
!.vscode/extensions.json
!.vscode/intellisense.h
-147
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@@ -1,147 +0,0 @@
{
"configurations": [
{
"name": "Linux",
"includePath": [
"${workspaceFolder}/flix",
"${workspaceFolder}/gazebo",
"~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.3/cores/esp32",
"~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.3/libraries/**",
"~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.3/variants/d1_mini32",
"~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp32-arduino-libs/idf-release_v5.1-dc859c1e67/esp32/**",
"~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp32-arduino-libs/idf-release_v5.1-dc859c1e67/esp32/dio_qspi/include",
"~/Arduino/libraries/**",
"/usr/include/**"
],
"forcedInclude": [
"${workspaceFolder}/.vscode/intellisense.h",
"~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.3/cores/esp32/Arduino.h",
"~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.3/variants/d1_mini32/pins_arduino.h",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/cli.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/control.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/estimate.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/flix.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/imu.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/led.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/log.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/mavlink.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/motors.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/rc.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/time.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/util.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/wifi.ino"
],
"compilerPath": "~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp-x32/2302/bin/xtensa-esp32-elf-g++",
"cStandard": "c11",
"cppStandard": "c++17",
"defines": [
"F_CPU=240000000L",
"ARDUINO=10607",
"ARDUINO_D1_MINI32",
"ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32",
"ARDUINO_BOARD=D1_MINI32",
"ARDUINO_VARIANT=d1_mini32",
"ARDUINO_PARTITION_default",
"ESP32",
"CORE_DEBUG_LEVEL=0",
"ARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT="
]
},
{
"name": "Mac",
"includePath": [
"${workspaceFolder}/flix",
"${workspaceFolder}/gazebo",
"~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.3/cores/esp32",
"~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.3/libraries/**",
"~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.3/variants/d1_mini32",
"~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp32-arduino-libs/idf-release_v5.1-dc859c1e67/esp32/include/**",
"~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp32-arduino-libs/idf-release_v5.1-dc859c1e67/esp32/dio_qspi/include",
"~/Documents/Arduino/libraries/**",
"/opt/homebrew/include/**"
],
"forcedInclude": [
"${workspaceFolder}/.vscode/intellisense.h",
"~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.3/cores/esp32/Arduino.h",
"~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.3/variants/d1_mini32/pins_arduino.h",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/flix.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/cli.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/control.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/estimate.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/imu.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/led.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/log.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/mavlink.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/motors.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/rc.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/time.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/util.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/wifi.ino"
],
"compilerPath": "~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp-x32/2302/bin/xtensa-esp32-elf-g++",
"cStandard": "c11",
"cppStandard": "c++17",
"defines": [
"F_CPU=240000000L",
"ARDUINO=10607",
"ARDUINO_D1_MINI32",
"ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32",
"ARDUINO_BOARD=D1_MINI32",
"ARDUINO_VARIANT=d1_mini32",
"ARDUINO_PARTITION_default",
"ARDUINO_FQBN=esp32:esp32:d1_mini32",
"ESP32",
"CORE_DEBUG_LEVEL=0",
"ARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT="
]
},
{
"name": "Win32",
"includePath": [
"${workspaceFolder}/flix",
"${workspaceFolder}/gazebo",
"~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.3/cores/esp32",
"~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.3/libraries/**",
"~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.3/variants/d1_mini32",
"~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp32-arduino-libs/idf-release_v5.1-dc859c1e67/esp32/**",
"~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp32-arduino-libs/idf-release_v5.1-dc859c1e67/esp32/dio_qspi/include",
"~/Documents/Arduino/libraries/**"
],
"forcedInclude": [
"${workspaceFolder}/.vscode/intellisense.h",
"~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.3/cores/esp32/Arduino.h",
"~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.3/variants/d1_mini32/pins_arduino.h",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/cli.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/control.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/estimate.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/flix.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/imu.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/led.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/log.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/mavlink.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/motors.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/rc.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/time.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/util.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/wifi.ino"
],
"compilerPath": "~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp-x32/2302/bin/xtensa-esp32-elf-g++.exe",
"cStandard": "c11",
"cppStandard": "c++17",
"defines": [
"F_CPU=240000000L",
"ARDUINO=10607",
"ARDUINO_D1_MINI32",
"ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32",
"ARDUINO_BOARD=D1_MINI32",
"ARDUINO_VARIANT=d1_mini32",
"ARDUINO_PARTITION_default",
"ARDUINO_FQBN=esp32:esp32:d1_mini32",
"ESP32",
"CORE_DEBUG_LEVEL=0",
"ARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT="
]
}
],
"version": 4
}
-10
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{
// See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=827846 to learn about workspace recommendations.
"recommendations": [
"ms-vscode.cpptools",
"twxs.cmake",
"ms-vscode.cmake-tools",
"ms-python.python"
],
"unwantedRecommendations": []
}
-5
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@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
#ifdef __INTELLISENSE__
#pragma diag_suppress 144, 513
// diag 144: a value of type "enum <unnamed>" cannot be used to initialize an entity of type "enum <unnamed>"C/C++
// diag 513: a value of type "enum <unnamed>" cannot be assigned to an entity of type "enum <unnamed>"C/C++
#endif
-25
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{
"version": "0.2.0",
"configurations": [
{
"name": "Debug simulation",
"type": "cppdbg",
"request": "launch",
"program": "/usr/bin/gzserver",
"osx": {
"program": "/opt/homebrew/bin/gzserver",
"MIMode": "lldb",
},
"args": ["--verbose", "${workspaceFolder}/gazebo/flix.world"],
"stopAtEntry": false,
"cwd": "${fileDirname}",
"environment": [
{"name": "GAZEBO_MODEL_PATH", "value": "${workspaceFolder}/gazebo/models"},
{"name": "GAZEBO_PLUGIN_PATH", "value": "${workspaceFolder}/gazebo/build"}
],
"MIMode": "gdb",
"preLaunchTask": "Build simulator",
"externalConsole": true,
},
]
}
-13
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@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
{
"C_Cpp.intelliSenseEngineFallback": "enabled",
"files.associations": {
"*.sdf": "xml",
"*.ino": "cpp",
"*.h": "cpp"
},
"C_Cpp.vcFormat.newLine.beforeOpenBrace.function": "newLine",
"C_Cpp.vcFormat.newLine.beforeOpenBrace.block": "sameLine",
"C_Cpp.vcFormat.newLine.beforeOpenBrace.lambda": "sameLine",
"C_Cpp.vcFormat.newLine.beforeOpenBrace.namespace": "sameLine",
"C_Cpp.vcFormat.newLine.beforeOpenBrace.type": "sameLine"
}
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{
"tasks": [
{
"label": "Build firmware",
"type": "shell",
"command": "make",
"problemMatcher": [ "$gcc" ],
"presentation": { "clear": true, "showReuseMessage": false },
},
{
"label": "Upload firmware",
"type": "shell",
"command": "make upload",
"problemMatcher": [ "$gcc" ],
"presentation": { "clear": true, "showReuseMessage": false }
},
{
"label": "Build simulator",
"type": "shell",
"command": "make build_simulator",
"problemMatcher": [ "$gcc" ],
"presentation": { "clear": true, "showReuseMessage": false }
},
{
"label": "Clean",
"type": "shell",
"command": "make clean",
}
],
"version": "2.0.0"
}
+1
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@@ -0,0 +1 @@
quadcopter.dev
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BOARD = esp32:esp32:d1_mini32
PORT := $(wildcard /dev/serial/by-id/usb-Silicon_Labs_CP21* /dev/serial/by-id/usb-1a86_USB_Single_Serial_* /dev/cu.usbserial-*)
PORT := $(strip $(PORT))
build: .dependencies
arduino-cli compile --fqbn $(BOARD) flix
upload: build
arduino-cli upload --fqbn $(BOARD) -p "$(PORT)" flix
monitor:
arduino-cli monitor -p "$(PORT)" -c baudrate=115200
dependencies .dependencies:
arduino-cli core update-index --config-file arduino-cli.yaml
arduino-cli core install esp32:esp32@3.0.3 --config-file arduino-cli.yaml
arduino-cli lib update-index
arduino-cli lib install "FlixPeriph"
arduino-cli lib install "MAVLink"@2.0.10
touch .dependencies
gazebo/build cmake: gazebo/CMakeLists.txt
mkdir -p gazebo/build
cd gazebo/build && cmake ..
build_simulator: .dependencies gazebo/build
make -C gazebo/build
simulator: build_simulator
GAZEBO_MODEL_PATH=$$GAZEBO_MODEL_PATH:${CURDIR}/gazebo/models \
GAZEBO_PLUGIN_PATH=$$GAZEBO_PLUGIN_PATH:${CURDIR}/gazebo/build \
gazebo --verbose ${CURDIR}/gazebo/flix.world
log:
PORT=$(PORT) tools/grab_log.py
plot:
plotjuggler -d $(shell ls -t tools/log/*.csv | head -n1)
clean:
rm -rf gazebo/build flix/build flix/cache .dependencies
.PHONY: build upload monitor dependencies cmake build_simulator simulator log clean
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# Flix
**Flix** (*flight + X*) — making an open source ESP32-based quadcopter from scratch.
<table>
<tr>
<td align=center><strong>Version 1</strong> (3D-printed frame)</td>
<td align=center><strong>Version 0</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="docs/img/flix1.jpg" width=500 alt="Flix quadcopter"></td>
<td><img src="docs/img/flix.jpg" width=500 alt="Flix quadcopter"></td>
</tr>
</table>
## Features
* Simple and clean Arduino based source code.
* Acro and Stabilized flight using remote control.
* Precise simulation using Gazebo.
* [In-RAM logging](docs/log.md).
* Command line interface through USB port.
* Wi-Fi support.
* MAVLink support.
* Control using mobile phone (with QGroundControl app).
* Completely 3D-printed frame.
* *Textbook and videos for students on writing a flight controller¹.*
* *Position control and autonomous flights using external camera¹*.
* [Building and running instructions](docs/build.md).
*¹ — planned.*
## It actually flies
See detailed demo video (for version 0): https://youtu.be/8GzzIQ3C6DQ.
<a href="https://youtu.be/8GzzIQ3C6DQ"><img width=500 src="https://i3.ytimg.com/vi/8GzzIQ3C6DQ/maxresdefault.jpg"></a>
Version 1 test flight: https://t.me/opensourcequadcopter/42.
<a href="https://t.me/opensourcequadcopter/42"><img width=500 src="docs/img/flight-video.jpg"></a>
## Simulation
The simulator is implemented using Gazebo and runs the original Arduino code:
<img src="docs/img/simulator.png" width=500 alt="Flix simulator">
See [instructions on running the simulation](docs/build.md).
## Components (version 1)
|Type|Part|Image|Quantity|
|-|-|:-:|:-:|
|Microcontroller board|ESP32 Mini|<img src="docs/img/esp32.jpg" width=100>|1|
|IMU and barometer² board|GY-91 (or other MPU-9250 board)|<img src="docs/img/gy-91.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Motor|8520 3.7V brushed motor (**shaft 0.8mm!**)|<img src="docs/img/motor.jpeg" width=100>|4|
|Propeller|Hubsan 55 mm|<img src="docs/img/prop.jpg" width=100>|4|
|MOSFET (transistor)|100N03A or [compatible](https://t.me/opensourcequadcopter/33)|<img src="docs/img/100n03a.jpg" width=100>|4|
|Pull-down resistor|10 kΩ|<img src="docs/img/resistor10k.jpg" width=100>|4|
|3.7V Li-Po battery|LW 952540 (or any compatible by the size)|<img src="docs/img/battery.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Li-Po Battery charger|Any|<img src="docs/img/charger.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Screws for IMU board mounting|M3x5|<img src="docs/img/screw-m3.jpg" width=100>|2|
|Screws for frame assembly|M1.4x5|<img src="docs/img/screw-m1.4.jpg" height=30 align=center>|4|
|Frame bottom part|3D printed: [`flix-frame.stl`](docs/assets/flix-frame.stl)|<img src="docs/img/frame1.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Frame top part|3D printed: [`esp32-holder.stl`](docs/assets/esp32-holder.stl)|<img src="docs/img/esp32-holder.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Washer for IMU board mounting|3D printed: [`washer-m3.stl`](docs/assets/washer-m3.stl)|<img src="docs/img/washer-m3.jpg" width=100>|1|
|*RC transmitter (optional)*|*KINGKONG TINY X8 or other³*|<img src="docs/img/tx.jpg" width=100>|1|
|*RC receiver (optional)*|*DF500 or other³*|<img src="docs/img/rx.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Wires|28 AWG recommended|<img src="docs/img/wire-28awg.jpg" width=100>||
|Tape, double-sided tape||||
*² — barometer is not used for now.*<br>
*³ — you may use any transmitter-receiver pair with SBUS interface.*
Tools required for assembly:
* 3D printer.
* Soldering iron.
* Solder wire (with flux).
* Screwdrivers.
* Multimeter.
Feel free to modify the design and or code, and create your own improved versions of Flix! Send your results to the [official Telegram chat](https://t.me/opensourcequadcopterchat), or directly to the author ([E-mail](mailto:okalachev@gmail.com), [Telegram](https://t.me/okalachev)).
## Schematics (version 1)
### Simplified connection diagram
<img src="docs/img/schematics1.svg" width=800 alt="Flix version 1 schematics">
Motor connection scheme:
<img src="docs/img/mosfet-connection.png" height=400 alt="MOSFET connection scheme">
Complete diagram is Work-in-Progress.
### Notes
* Power ESP32 Mini with Li-Po battery using VCC (+) and GND (-) pins.
* Connect the GY-91 board to the ESP32 Mini using VSPI, power it using 3.3V and GND pins:
|GY-91 pin|ESP32 pin|
|-|-|
|GND|GND|
|3.3V|3.3V|
|SCK|SVP (GPIO18)|
|MOSI|GPIO23|
|MISO|GPIO19|
|NCS|GPIO5|
* Solder pull-down resistors to the MOSFETs.
* Connect the motors to the ESP32 Mini using MOSFETs, by following scheme:
|Motor|Position|Direction|Wires|GPIO|
|-|-|-|-|-|
|Motor 0|Rear left|Counter-clockwise|Black & White|GPIO12|
|Motor 1|Rear right|Clockwise|Blue & Red|GPIO13|
|Motor 2|Front right|Counter-clockwise|Black & White|GPIO14|
|Motor 3|Front left|Clockwise|Blue & Red|GPIO15|
Counter-clockwise motors have black and white wires and clockwise motors have blue and red wires.
* Optionally connect the RC receiver to the ESP32's UART2:
|Receiver pin|ESP32 pin|
|-|-|
|GND|GND|
|VIN|VC (or 3.3V depending on the receiver)|
|Signal|GPIO4⁴|
*⁴ — UART2 RX pin was [changed](https://docs.espressif.com/projects/arduino-esp32/en/latest/migration_guides/2.x_to_3.0.html#id14) to GPIO4 in Arduino ESP32 core 3.0.*
## Version 0
See the information on the obsolete version 0 in the [corresponding article](docs/version0.md).
## Materials
Subscribe to the Telegram channel on developing the drone and the flight controller (in Russian): https://t.me/opensourcequadcopter.
Join the official Telegram chat: https://t.me/opensourcequadcopterchat.
Detailed article on Habr.com about the development of the drone (in Russian): https://habr.com/ru/articles/814127/.
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board_manager:
additional_urls:
- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/gh-pages/package_esp32_index.json
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# Building and running
To build the firmware or the simulator, you need to clone the repository using git:
```bash
git clone https://github.com/okalachev/flix.git
cd flix
```
## Simulation
### Ubuntu
1. Install Arduino CLI:
```bash
curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/arduino/arduino-cli/master/install.sh | BINDIR=~/.local/bin sh
```
2. Install Gazebo 11:
```bash
curl -sSL http://get.gazebosim.org | sh
```
Set up your Gazebo environment variables:
```bash
echo "source /usr/share/gazebo/setup.sh" >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc
```
3. Install SDL2 and other dependencies:
```bash
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install build-essential libsdl2-dev
```
4. Add your user to the `input` group to enable joystick support (you need to re-login after this command):
```bash
sudo usermod -a -G input $USER
```
5. Run the simulation:
```bash
make simulator
```
### macOS
1. Install Homebrew package manager, if you don't have it installed:
```bash
/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"
```
2. Install Arduino CLI, Gazebo 11 and SDL2:
```bash
brew tap osrf/simulation
brew install arduino-cli
brew install gazebo11
brew install sdl2
```
Set up your Gazebo environment variables:
```bash
echo "source /opt/homebrew/share/gazebo/setup.sh" >> ~/.zshrc
source ~/.zshrc
```
3. Run the simulation:
```bash
make simulator
```
### Setup and flight
#### Control with smartphone
1. Install [QGroundControl mobile app](https://docs.qgroundcontrol.com/master/en/qgc-user-guide/getting_started/download_and_install.html#android) on your smartphone.
2. Connect your smartphone to the same Wi-Fi network as the machine running the simulator.
3. If you're using a virtual machine, make sure that its network is set to the **bridged** mode with Wi-Fi adapter selected.
4. Run the simulation.
5. Open QGroundControl app. It should connect and begin showing the virtual drone's telemetry automatically.
6. Go to the settings and enable *Virtual Joystick*. *Auto-Center Throttle* setting **should be disabled**.
7. Use the virtual joystick to fly the drone!
#### Control with USB remote control
1. Connect your USB remote control to the machine running the simulator.
2. Run the simulation.
3. Calibrate the RC using `cr` command in the command line interface and stop the simulation.
4. Copy the calibration results to the source code (`gazebo/joystick.h`).
5. Run the simulation again.
6. Use the USB remote control to fly the drone!
## Firmware
### Arduino IDE (Windows, Linux, macOS)
1. Install [Arduino IDE](https://www.arduino.cc/en/software) (version 2 is recommended).
2. Install ESP32 core, version 3.0.3 (version 2.x is not supported). See the [official Espressif's instructions](https://docs.espressif.com/projects/arduino-esp32/en/latest/installing.html#installing-using-arduino-ide) on installing ESP32 Core in Arduino IDE.
3. Install the following libraries using [Library Manager](https://docs.arduino.cc/software/ide-v2/tutorials/ide-v2-installing-a-library):
* `FlixPeriph`.
* `MAVLink`, version 2.0.10.
4. Clone the project using git or [download the source code as a ZIP archive](https://codeload.github.com/okalachev/flix/zip/refs/heads/master).
5. Open the downloaded Arduino sketch `flix/flix.ino` in Arduino IDE.
6. [Build and upload](https://docs.arduino.cc/software/ide-v2/tutorials/getting-started/ide-v2-uploading-a-sketch) the firmware using Arduino IDE.
### Command line (Windows, Linux, macOS)
1. [Install Arduino CLI](https://arduino.github.io/arduino-cli/installation/).
2. Windows users might need to install [USB to UART bridge driver from Silicon Labs](https://www.silabs.com/developers/usb-to-uart-bridge-vcp-drivers).
3. Compile the firmware using `make`. Arduino dependencies will be installed automatically:
```bash
make
```
You can flash the firmware to the board using command:
```bash
make upload
```
You can also compile the firmware, upload it and start serial port monitoring using command:
```bash
make upload monitor
```
See other available Make commands in the [Makefile](../Makefile).
### Setup and flight
Before flight you need to calibrate the accelerometer:
1. Open Serial Monitor in Arduino IDE (use use `make monitor` command in the command line).
2. Type `ca` command there.
3. Copy calibration results to the source code (`flix/imu.ino`).
#### Control with smartphone
1. Install [QGroundControl mobile app](https://docs.qgroundcontrol.com/master/en/qgc-user-guide/getting_started/download_and_install.html#android) on your smartphone.
2. Power the drone using the battery.
3. Connect your smartphone to the appeared `flix` Wi-Fi network.
4. Open QGroundControl app. It should connect and begin showing the drone's telemetry automatically.
5. Go to the settings and enable *Virtual Joystick*. *Auto-Center Throttle* setting **should be disabled**.
6. Use the virtual joystick to fly the drone!
#### Control with remote control
Before flight using remote control, you need to calibrate it:
1. Open Serial Monitor in Arduino IDE (use use `make monitor` command in the command line).
2. Type `cr` command there.
3. Copy calibration results to the source code (`flix/rc.ino`).
Then you can use your remote control to fly the drone!
### Firmware code structure
See [firmware overview](firmware.md) for more details.
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# Firmware overview
## Dataflow
<img src="img/dataflow.svg" width=800 alt="Firmware dataflow diagram">
The main loop is running at 1000 Hz. All the dataflow is happening through global variables (for simplicity):
* `t` *(float)* — current step time, *s*.
* `dt` *(float)* — time delta between the current and previous steps, *s*.
* `gyro` *(Vector)* — data from the gyroscope, *rad/s*.
* `acc` *(Vector)* — acceleration data from the accelerometer, *m/s<sup>2</sup>*.
* `rates` *(Vector)* — filtered angular rates, *rad/s*.
* `attitude` *(Quaternion)* — estimated attitude (orientation) of drone.
* `controls` *(float[])* — user control inputs from the RC, normalized to [-1, 1] range.
* `motors` *(float[])* — motor outputs, normalized to [-1, 1] range; reverse rotation is possible.
## Source files
Firmware source files are located in `flix` directory. The key files are:
* [`flix.ino`](../flix/flix.ino) — main entry point, Arduino sketch. Includes global variables definition and the main loop.
* [`imu.ino`](../flix/imu.ino) — reading data from the IMU sensor (gyroscope and accelerometer), IMU calibration.
* [`rc.ino`](../flix/rc.ino) — reading data from the RC receiver, RC calibration.
* [`estimate.ino`](../flix/estimate.ino) — drone's attitude estimation, complementary filter.
* [`control.ino`](../flix/control.ino) — drone's attitude and rates control, three-dimensional two-level cascade PID controller.
* [`motors.ino`](../flix/motors.ino) — PWM motor outputs control.
Utility files include:
* [`vector.h`](../flix/vector.h), [`quaternion.h`](../flix/quaternion.h) — project's vector and quaternion libraries implementation.
* [`pid.h`](../flix/pid.h) — generic PID controller implementation.
* [`lpf.h`](../flix/lpf.h) — generic low-pass filter implementation.
## Building
See build instructions in [build.md](build.md).
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# Log analysis
Flix quadcopter uses RAM to store flight log data. The default log capacity is 10 seconds at 100 Hz. This configuration can be adjusted in the `log.ino` file.
To perform log analysis, you need to download the log right after the flight without powering off the drone. Then you can use several tools to analyze the log data.
## Log download
To download the log, connect the ESP32 using USB right after the flight and run the following command:
```bash
make log
```
Logs are stored in `tools/log/*.csv` files.
## Analysis
### PlotJuggler
The recommended tool for log analysis is PlotJuggler.
<img src="img/plotjuggler.png" width="500">
1. Install PlotJuggler using the [official instructions](https://github.com/facontidavide/PlotJuggler?tab=readme-ov-file#installation).
2. Run PlotJuggler and drag'n'drop the downloaded log file there. Choose `t` column to be used as X axis.
You can open the most recent downloaded file using the command:
```bash
make plot
```
You can perform both log download and run PlotJuggler in one command:
```bash
make log plot
```
### FlightPlot
FlightPlot is a powerful tool for analyzing logs in [ULog format](https://docs.px4.io/main/en/dev_log/ulog_file_format.html). This format is used in PX4 and ArduPilot flight software.
<img src="img/flightplot.png" width="500">
1. [Install FlightPlot](https://github.com/PX4/FlightPlot).
2. Flix repository contains a tool for converting CSV logs to ULog format. Build the tool using [the instructions](../tools/csv_to_ulog/README.md) and convert the log you want to analyze.
3. Run FlightPlot and drag'n'drop the converted ULog-file there.
### Foxglove Studio
Foxglove is a tool for visualizing and analyzing robotics data with very rich functionality. It can import various formats, but mainly focuses on its own format, called [MCAP](https://mcap.dev).
<img src="img/foxglove.png" width="500">
1. Install Foxglove Studio from the [official website](https://foxglove.dev/download).
2. Flix repository contains a tool for converting CSV logs to MCAP format. First, install its dependencies:
```bash
cd tools
pip install -r requirements.txt
```
3. Convert the log you want to analyze:
```bash
csv_to_mcap.py log_file.csv
```
4. Open the log in Foxglove Studio using *Open local file* command.
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# Flix version 0
Flix version 0 (obsolete):
<img src="img/flix.jpg" width=500 alt="Flix quadcopter">
## Components list
|Type|Part|Image|Quantity|
|-|-|-|-|
|Microcontroller board|ESP32 Mini|<img src="img/esp32.jpg" width=100>|1|
|IMU and barometer² board|GY-91 (or other MPU-9250 board)|<img src="img/gy-91.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Quadcopter frame|K100|<img src="img/frame.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Motor|8520 3.7V brushed motor (**shaft 0.8mm!**)|<img src="img/motor.jpeg" width=100>|4|
|Propeller|Hubsan 55 mm|<img src="img/prop.jpg" width=100>|4|
|Motor ESC|2.7A 1S Dual Way Micro Brush ESC|<img src="img/esc.jpg" width=100>|4|
|RC transmitter|KINGKONG TINY X8|<img src="img/tx.jpg" width=100>|1|
|RC receiver|DF500 (SBUS)|<img src="img/rx.jpg" width=100>|1|
|~~SBUS inverter~~*||<img src="img/inv.jpg" width=100>|~~1~~|
|Battery|3.7 Li-Po 850 MaH 60C|||
|Battery charger||<img src="img/charger.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Wires, connectors, tape, ...|||
*\* — not needed as ESP32 supports [software pin inversion](https://github.com/bolderflight/sbus#inverted-serial).*
## Schematics
<img src="img/schematics.svg" width=800 alt="Flix schematics">
You can also check a user contributed [variant of complete circuit diagram](https://miro.com/app/board/uXjVN-dTjoo=/) of the drone.
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Implementation of command line interface
#include "pid.h"
#include "vector.h"
extern PID rollRatePID, pitchRatePID, yawRatePID, rollPID, pitchPID;
extern LowPassFilter<Vector> ratesFilter;
const char* motd =
"\nWelcome to\n"
" _______ __ __ ___ ___\n"
"| ____|| | | | \\ \\ / /\n"
"| |__ | | | | \\ V /\n"
"| __| | | | | > <\n"
"| | | `----.| | / . \\\n"
"|__| |_______||__| /__/ \\__\\\n\n"
"Commands:\n\n"
"help - show help\n"
"show - show all parameters\n"
"<name> <value> - set parameter\n"
"ps - show pitch/roll/yaw\n"
"psq - show attitude quaternion\n"
"imu - show IMU data\n"
"rc - show RC data\n"
"mot - show motor data\n"
"log - dump in-RAM log\n"
"cr - calibrate RC\n"
"cg - calibrate gyro\n"
"ca - calibrate accel\n"
"mfr, mfl, mrr, mrl - test appropriate motor\n"
"fullmot <n> - full motor test\n"
"reset - reset drone's state\n";
const struct Param {
const char* name;
float* value;
float* value2;
} params[] = {
{"rp", &rollRatePID.p, &pitchRatePID.p},
{"ri", &rollRatePID.i, &pitchRatePID.i},
{"rd", &rollRatePID.d, &pitchRatePID.d},
{"ap", &rollPID.p, &pitchPID.p},
{"ai", &rollPID.i, &pitchPID.i},
{"ad", &rollPID.d, &pitchPID.d},
{"yp", &yawRatePID.p, nullptr},
{"yi", &yawRatePID.i, nullptr},
{"yd", &yawRatePID.d, nullptr},
{"lpr", &ratesFilter.alpha, nullptr},
{"lpd", &rollRatePID.lpf.alpha, &pitchRatePID.lpf.alpha},
{"ss", &loopFreq, nullptr},
{"dt", &dt, nullptr},
{"t", &t, nullptr},
};
void doCommand(String& command, String& value) {
if (command == "help" || command == "motd") {
Serial.println(motd);
} else if (command == "show") {
showTable();
} else if (command == "ps") {
Vector a = attitude.toEulerZYX();
Serial.printf("roll: %f pitch: %f yaw: %f\n", a.x * RAD_TO_DEG, a.y * RAD_TO_DEG, a.z * RAD_TO_DEG);
} else if (command == "psq") {
Serial.printf("qx: %f qy: %f qz: %f qw: %f\n", attitude.x, attitude.y, attitude.z, attitude.w);
} else if (command == "imu") {
Serial.printf("gyro: %f %f %f\n", rates.x, rates.y, rates.z);
Serial.printf("acc: %f %f %f\n", acc.x, acc.y, acc.z);
printIMUCal();
Serial.printf("frequency: %f\n", loopFreq);
} else if (command == "rc") {
Serial.printf("Raw: throttle %d yaw %d pitch %d roll %d armed %d mode %d\n",
channels[RC_CHANNEL_THROTTLE], channels[RC_CHANNEL_YAW], channels[RC_CHANNEL_PITCH],
channels[RC_CHANNEL_ROLL], channels[RC_CHANNEL_ARMED], channels[RC_CHANNEL_MODE]);
Serial.printf("Control: throttle %f yaw %f pitch %f roll %f armed %f mode %f\n",
controls[RC_CHANNEL_THROTTLE], controls[RC_CHANNEL_YAW], controls[RC_CHANNEL_PITCH],
controls[RC_CHANNEL_ROLL], controls[RC_CHANNEL_ARMED], controls[RC_CHANNEL_MODE]);
Serial.printf("Mode: %s\n", getModeName());
} else if (command == "mot") {
Serial.printf("MOTOR front-right %f front-left %f rear-right %f rear-left %f\n",
motors[MOTOR_FRONT_RIGHT], motors[MOTOR_FRONT_LEFT], motors[MOTOR_REAR_RIGHT], motors[MOTOR_REAR_LEFT]);
} else if (command == "log") {
dumpLog();
} else if (command == "cr") {
calibrateRC();
} else if (command == "cg") {
calibrateGyro();
} else if (command == "ca") {
calibrateAccel();
} else if (command == "mfr") {
cliTestMotor(MOTOR_FRONT_RIGHT);
} else if (command == "mfl") {
cliTestMotor(MOTOR_FRONT_LEFT);
} else if (command == "mrr") {
cliTestMotor(MOTOR_REAR_RIGHT);
} else if (command == "mrl") {
cliTestMotor(MOTOR_REAR_LEFT);
} else if (command == "fullmot") {
fullMotorTest(value.toInt());
} else if (command == "reset") {
attitude = Quaternion();
} else {
float val = value.toFloat();
// TODO: on error returns 0, check invalid value
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < sizeof(params) / sizeof(params[0]); i++) {
if (command == params[i].name) {
*params[i].value = val;
if (params[i].value2 != nullptr) *params[i].value2 = val;
Serial.print(command);
Serial.print(" = ");
Serial.println(val, 4);
return;
}
}
Serial.println("Invalid command: " + command);
}
}
void showTable() {
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < sizeof(params) / sizeof(params[0]); i++) {
Serial.print(params[i].name);
Serial.print(" ");
Serial.println(*params[i].value, 5);
}
}
void cliTestMotor(uint8_t n) {
Serial.printf("Testing motor %d\n", n);
motors[n] = 1;
sendMotors();
delay(5000);
motors[n] = 0;
sendMotors();
Serial.println("Done");
}
void parseInput() {
static bool showMotd = true;
static String command;
static String value;
static bool parsingCommand = true;
if (showMotd) {
Serial.println(motd);
showMotd = false;
}
while (Serial.available()) {
char c = Serial.read();
if (c == '\n') {
parsingCommand = true;
if (!command.isEmpty()) {
doCommand(command, value);
}
command.clear();
value.clear();
} else if (c == ' ') {
parsingCommand = false;
} else {
(parsingCommand ? command : value) += c;
}
}
}
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Flight control
#include "vector.h"
#include "quaternion.h"
#include "pid.h"
#include "lpf.h"
#define PITCHRATE_P 0.05
#define PITCHRATE_I 0.2
#define PITCHRATE_D 0.001
#define PITCHRATE_I_LIM 0.3
#define ROLLRATE_P PITCHRATE_P
#define ROLLRATE_I PITCHRATE_I
#define ROLLRATE_D PITCHRATE_D
#define ROLLRATE_I_LIM PITCHRATE_I_LIM
#define YAWRATE_P 0.3
#define YAWRATE_I 0.0
#define YAWRATE_D 0.0
#define YAWRATE_I_LIM 0.3
#define ROLL_P 4.5
#define ROLL_I 0
#define ROLL_D 0
#define PITCH_P ROLL_P
#define PITCH_I ROLL_I
#define PITCH_D ROLL_D
#define YAW_P 3
#define PITCHRATE_MAX radians(360)
#define ROLLRATE_MAX radians(360)
#define YAWRATE_MAX radians(360)
#define MAX_TILT radians(30)
#define RATES_D_LPF_ALPHA 0.2 // cutoff frequency ~ 40 Hz
enum { MANUAL, ACRO, STAB, USER } mode = STAB;
enum { YAW, YAW_RATE } yawMode = YAW;
bool armed = false;
PID rollRatePID(ROLLRATE_P, ROLLRATE_I, ROLLRATE_D, ROLLRATE_I_LIM, RATES_D_LPF_ALPHA);
PID pitchRatePID(PITCHRATE_P, PITCHRATE_I, PITCHRATE_D, PITCHRATE_I_LIM, RATES_D_LPF_ALPHA);
PID yawRatePID(YAWRATE_P, YAWRATE_I, YAWRATE_D);
PID rollPID(ROLL_P, ROLL_I, ROLL_D);
PID pitchPID(PITCH_P, PITCH_I, PITCH_D);
PID yawPID(YAW_P, 0, 0);
Quaternion attitudeTarget;
Vector ratesTarget;
Vector torqueTarget;
float thrustTarget;
void control() {
interpretRC();
if (mode == STAB) {
controlAttitude();
controlRate();
controlTorque();
} else if (mode == ACRO) {
controlRate();
controlTorque();
} else if (mode == MANUAL) {
controlTorque();
}
}
void interpretRC() {
armed = controls[RC_CHANNEL_THROTTLE] >= 0.05 && controls[RC_CHANNEL_ARMED] >= 0.5;
// NOTE: put ACRO or MANUAL modes there if you want to use them
if (controls[RC_CHANNEL_MODE] < 0.25) {
mode = STAB;
} else if (controls[RC_CHANNEL_MODE] < 0.75) {
mode = STAB;
} else {
mode = STAB;
}
thrustTarget = controls[RC_CHANNEL_THROTTLE];
if (mode == ACRO) {
yawMode = YAW_RATE;
ratesTarget.x = controls[RC_CHANNEL_ROLL] * ROLLRATE_MAX;
ratesTarget.y = controls[RC_CHANNEL_PITCH] * PITCHRATE_MAX;
ratesTarget.z = -controls[RC_CHANNEL_YAW] * YAWRATE_MAX; // positive yaw stick means clockwise rotation in FLU
} else if (mode == STAB) {
yawMode = controls[RC_CHANNEL_YAW] == 0 ? YAW : YAW_RATE;
attitudeTarget = Quaternion::fromEulerZYX(Vector(
controls[RC_CHANNEL_ROLL] * MAX_TILT,
controls[RC_CHANNEL_PITCH] * MAX_TILT,
attitudeTarget.getYaw()));
ratesTarget.z = -controls[RC_CHANNEL_YAW] * YAWRATE_MAX; // positive yaw stick means clockwise rotation in FLU
} else if (mode == MANUAL) {
// passthrough mode
yawMode = YAW_RATE;
torqueTarget = Vector(controls[RC_CHANNEL_ROLL], controls[RC_CHANNEL_PITCH], -controls[RC_CHANNEL_YAW]) * 0.01;
}
if (yawMode == YAW_RATE || !motorsActive()) {
// update yaw target as we don't have control over the yaw
attitudeTarget.setYaw(attitude.getYaw());
}
}
void controlAttitude() {
if (!armed) {
rollPID.reset();
pitchPID.reset();
yawPID.reset();
return;
}
const Vector up(0, 0, 1);
Vector upActual = attitude.rotate(up);
Vector upTarget = attitudeTarget.rotate(up);
Vector error = Vector::angularRatesBetweenVectors(upTarget, upActual);
ratesTarget.x = rollPID.update(error.x, dt);
ratesTarget.y = pitchPID.update(error.y, dt);
if (yawMode == YAW) {
float yawError = wrapAngle(attitudeTarget.getYaw() - attitude.getYaw());
ratesTarget.z = yawPID.update(yawError, dt);
}
}
void controlRate() {
if (!armed) {
rollRatePID.reset();
pitchRatePID.reset();
yawRatePID.reset();
return;
}
Vector error = ratesTarget - rates;
// Calculate desired torque, where 0 - no torque, 1 - maximum possible torque
torqueTarget.x = rollRatePID.update(error.x, dt);
torqueTarget.y = pitchRatePID.update(error.y, dt);
torqueTarget.z = yawRatePID.update(error.z, dt);
}
void controlTorque() {
if (!armed) {
memset(motors, 0, sizeof(motors));
return;
}
motors[MOTOR_FRONT_LEFT] = thrustTarget + torqueTarget.x - torqueTarget.y + torqueTarget.z;
motors[MOTOR_FRONT_RIGHT] = thrustTarget - torqueTarget.x - torqueTarget.y - torqueTarget.z;
motors[MOTOR_REAR_LEFT] = thrustTarget + torqueTarget.x + torqueTarget.y - torqueTarget.z;
motors[MOTOR_REAR_RIGHT] = thrustTarget - torqueTarget.x + torqueTarget.y + torqueTarget.z;
motors[0] = constrain(motors[0], 0, 1);
motors[1] = constrain(motors[1], 0, 1);
motors[2] = constrain(motors[2], 0, 1);
motors[3] = constrain(motors[3], 0, 1);
}
bool motorsActive() {
return motors[0] > 0 || motors[1] > 0 || motors[2] > 0 || motors[3] > 0;
}
const char* getModeName() {
switch (mode) {
case MANUAL: return "MANUAL";
case ACRO: return "ACRO";
case STAB: return "STAB";
case USER: return "USER";
default: return "UNKNOWN";
}
}
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Attitude estimation from gyro and accelerometer
#include "quaternion.h"
#include "vector.h"
#include "lpf.h"
#define ONE_G 9.807f
#define WEIGHT_ACC 0.5f
#define RATES_LFP_ALPHA 0.2 // cutoff frequency ~ 40 Hz
LowPassFilter<Vector> ratesFilter(RATES_LFP_ALPHA);
void estimate() {
applyGyro();
applyAcc();
signalizeHorizontality();
}
void applyGyro() {
// filter gyro to get angular rates
rates = ratesFilter.update(gyro);
// apply rates to attitude
attitude *= Quaternion::fromAngularRates(rates * dt);
attitude.normalize();
}
void applyAcc() {
// test should we apply accelerometer gravity correction
float accNorm = acc.norm();
bool landed = !motorsActive() && abs(accNorm - ONE_G) < ONE_G * 0.1f;
if (!landed) return;
// calculate accelerometer correction
Vector up = attitude.rotate(Vector(0, 0, 1));
Vector correction = Vector::angularRatesBetweenVectors(acc, up) * dt * WEIGHT_ACC;
// apply correction
attitude *= Quaternion::fromAngularRates(correction);
attitude.normalize();
}
void signalizeHorizontality() {
float angle = Vector::angleBetweenVectors(attitude.rotate(Vector(0, 0, 1)), Vector(0, 0, 1));
setLED(angle < radians(15));
}
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Main firmware file
#include "vector.h"
#include "quaternion.h"
#define SERIAL_BAUDRATE 115200
#define WIFI_ENABLED 1
#define RC_CHANNELS 16
#define RC_CHANNEL_ROLL 0
#define RC_CHANNEL_PITCH 1
#define RC_CHANNEL_THROTTLE 2
#define RC_CHANNEL_YAW 3
#define RC_CHANNEL_ARMED 4
#define RC_CHANNEL_MODE 5
#define MOTOR_REAR_LEFT 0
#define MOTOR_REAR_RIGHT 1
#define MOTOR_FRONT_RIGHT 2
#define MOTOR_FRONT_LEFT 3
float t = NAN; // current step time, s
float dt; // time delta from previous step, s
float loopFreq; // loop frequency, Hz
int16_t channels[RC_CHANNELS]; // raw rc channels
float controls[RC_CHANNELS]; // normalized controls in range [-1..1] ([0..1] for throttle)
Vector gyro; // gyroscope data
Vector acc; // accelerometer data, m/s/s
Vector rates; // filtered angular rates, rad/s
Quaternion attitude; // estimated attitude
float motors[4]; // normalized motors thrust in range [-1..1]
void setup() {
Serial.begin(SERIAL_BAUDRATE);
Serial.println("Initializing flix");
disableBrownOut();
setupLED();
setupMotors();
setLED(true);
#if WIFI_ENABLED == 1
setupWiFi();
#endif
setupIMU();
setupRC();
setLED(false);
Serial.println("Initializing complete");
}
void loop() {
readIMU();
step();
readRC();
estimate();
control();
sendMotors();
parseInput();
#if WIFI_ENABLED == 1
processMavlink();
#endif
logData();
}
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Work with the IMU sensor
// IMU is oriented FLU (front-left-up) style.
// In case of FRD (front-right-down) orientation of the IMU, use this code:
// https://gist.github.com/okalachev/713db47e31bce643dbbc9539d166ce98.
#include <SPI.h>
#include <MPU9250.h>
#define ONE_G 9.80665
// NOTE: use 'ca' command to calibrate the accelerometer and put the values here
Vector accBias(0, 0, 0);
Vector accScale(1, 1, 1);
MPU9250 IMU(SPI);
Vector gyroBias;
void setupIMU() {
Serial.println("Setup IMU");
bool status = IMU.begin();
if (!status) {
while (true) {
Serial.println("IMU begin error");
delay(1000);
}
}
calibrateGyro();
}
void configureIMU() {
IMU.setAccelRange(IMU.ACCEL_RANGE_4G);
IMU.setGyroRange(IMU.GYRO_RANGE_2000DPS);
IMU.setDlpfBandwidth(IMU.DLPF_BANDWIDTH_184HZ);
IMU.setSrd(0); // set sample rate to 1000 Hz
}
void readIMU() {
IMU.waitForData();
IMU.getGyro(gyro.x, gyro.y, gyro.z);
IMU.getAccel(acc.x, acc.y, acc.z);
// apply scale and bias
acc = (acc - accBias) / accScale;
gyro = gyro - gyroBias;
}
void calibrateGyro() {
const int samples = 1000;
Serial.println("Calibrating gyro, stand still");
IMU.setGyroRange(IMU.GYRO_RANGE_250DPS); // the most sensitive mode
gyroBias = Vector(0, 0, 0);
for (int i = 0; i < samples; i++) {
IMU.waitForData();
IMU.getGyro(gyro.x, gyro.y, gyro.z);
gyroBias = gyroBias + gyro;
}
gyroBias = gyroBias / samples;
printIMUCal();
configureIMU();
}
void calibrateAccel() {
Serial.println("Calibrating accelerometer");
IMU.setAccelRange(IMU.ACCEL_RANGE_2G); // the most sensitive mode
IMU.setDlpfBandwidth(IMU.DLPF_BANDWIDTH_20HZ);
IMU.setSrd(19);
Serial.setTimeout(60000);
Serial.print("Place level [enter] "); Serial.readStringUntil('\n');
calibrateAccelOnce();
Serial.print("Place nose up [enter] "); Serial.readStringUntil('\n');
calibrateAccelOnce();
Serial.print("Place nose down [enter] "); Serial.readStringUntil('\n');
calibrateAccelOnce();
Serial.print("Place on right side [enter] "); Serial.readStringUntil('\n');
calibrateAccelOnce();
Serial.print("Place on left side [enter] "); Serial.readStringUntil('\n');
calibrateAccelOnce();
Serial.print("Place upside down [enter] "); Serial.readStringUntil('\n');
calibrateAccelOnce();
printIMUCal();
configureIMU();
}
void calibrateAccelOnce() {
const int samples = 100;
static Vector accMax(-INFINITY, -INFINITY, -INFINITY);
static Vector accMin(INFINITY, INFINITY, INFINITY);
// Compute the average of the accelerometer readings
acc = Vector(0, 0, 0);
for (int i = 0; i < samples; i++) {
IMU.waitForData();
Vector sample;
IMU.getAccel(sample.x, sample.y, sample.z);
acc = acc + sample;
}
acc = acc / samples;
// Update the maximum and minimum values
if (acc.x > accMax.x) accMax.x = acc.x;
if (acc.y > accMax.y) accMax.y = acc.y;
if (acc.z > accMax.z) accMax.z = acc.z;
if (acc.x < accMin.x) accMin.x = acc.x;
if (acc.y < accMin.y) accMin.y = acc.y;
if (acc.z < accMin.z) accMin.z = acc.z;
Serial.printf("acc %f %f %f\n", acc.x, acc.y, acc.z);
Serial.printf("max %f %f %f\n", accMax.x, accMax.y, accMax.z);
Serial.printf("min %f %f %f\n", accMin.x, accMin.y, accMin.z);
// Compute scale and bias
accScale = (accMax - accMin) / 2 / ONE_G;
accBias = (accMax + accMin) / 2;
}
void printIMUCal() {
Serial.printf("gyro bias: %f %f %f\n", gyroBias.x, gyroBias.y, gyroBias.z);
Serial.printf("accel bias: %f %f %f\n", accBias.x, accBias.y, accBias.z);
Serial.printf("accel scale: %f %f %f\n", accScale.x, accScale.y, accScale.z);
}
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Main LED control
#define BLINK_PERIOD 500000
#ifndef LED_BUILTIN
#define LED_BUILTIN 2 // for ESP32 Dev Module
#endif
void setupLED() {
pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);
}
void setLED(bool on) {
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, on ? HIGH : LOW);
}
void blinkLED() {
setLED(micros() / BLINK_PERIOD % 2);
}
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// In-RAM logging
#define LOG_RATE 100
#define LOG_DURATION 10
#define LOG_PERIOD 1.0 / LOG_RATE
#define LOG_SIZE LOG_DURATION * LOG_RATE
#define LOG_COLUMNS 14
float logBuffer[LOG_SIZE][LOG_COLUMNS]; // * 4 (float)
int logPointer = 0;
void logData() {
if (!armed) return;
static float logTime = 0;
if (t - logTime < LOG_PERIOD) return;
logTime = t;
logBuffer[logPointer][0] = t;
logBuffer[logPointer][1] = rates.x;
logBuffer[logPointer][2] = rates.y;
logBuffer[logPointer][3] = rates.z;
logBuffer[logPointer][4] = ratesTarget.x;
logBuffer[logPointer][5] = ratesTarget.y;
logBuffer[logPointer][6] = ratesTarget.z;
logBuffer[logPointer][7] = attitude.toEulerZYX().x;
logBuffer[logPointer][8] = attitude.toEulerZYX().y;
logBuffer[logPointer][9] = attitude.toEulerZYX().z;
logBuffer[logPointer][10] = attitudeTarget.toEulerZYX().x;
logBuffer[logPointer][11] = attitudeTarget.toEulerZYX().y;
logBuffer[logPointer][12] = attitudeTarget.toEulerZYX().z;
logBuffer[logPointer][13] = thrustTarget;
logPointer++;
if (logPointer >= LOG_SIZE) {
logPointer = 0;
}
}
void dumpLog() {
Serial.printf("t,rates.x,rates.y,rates.z,ratesTarget.x,ratesTarget.y,ratesTarget.z,"
"attitude.x,attitude.y,attitude.z,attitudeTarget.x,attitudeTarget.y,attitudeTarget.z,thrustTarget\n");
for (int i = 0; i < LOG_SIZE; i++) {
if (logBuffer[i][0] == 0) continue; // skip empty records
for (int j = 0; j < LOG_COLUMNS - 1; j++) {
Serial.printf("%f,", logBuffer[i][j]);
}
Serial.printf("%f\n", logBuffer[i][LOG_COLUMNS - 1]);
}
}
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Low pass filter implementation
#pragma once
template <typename T> // Using template to make the filter usable for scalar and vector values
class LowPassFilter {
public:
float alpha; // smoothing constant, 1 means filter disabled
T output;
LowPassFilter(float alpha): alpha(alpha) {};
T update(const T input) {
if (alpha == 1) { // filter disabled
return input;
}
if (!initialized) {
output = input;
initialized = true;
}
return output = output * (1 - alpha) + input * alpha;
}
void setCutOffFrequency(float cutOffFreq, float dt) {
alpha = 1 - exp(-2 * PI * cutOffFreq * dt);
}
void reset() {
initialized = false;
}
private:
bool initialized = false;
};
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// MAVLink communication
#if WIFI_ENABLED == 1
#include <MAVLink.h>
#define SYSTEM_ID 1
#define PERIOD_SLOW 1.0
#define PERIOD_FAST 0.1
#define MAVLINK_CONTROL_SCALE 0.7f
#define MAVLINK_CONTROL_YAW_DEAD_ZONE 0.1f
void processMavlink() {
sendMavlink();
receiveMavlink();
}
void sendMavlink() {
static float lastSlow = 0;
static float lastFast = 0;
mavlink_message_t msg;
uint32_t time = t * 1000;
if (t - lastSlow >= PERIOD_SLOW) {
lastSlow = t;
mavlink_msg_heartbeat_pack(SYSTEM_ID, MAV_COMP_ID_AUTOPILOT1, &msg, MAV_TYPE_QUADROTOR,
MAV_AUTOPILOT_GENERIC, MAV_MODE_FLAG_MANUAL_INPUT_ENABLED | (armed ? MAV_MODE_FLAG_SAFETY_ARMED : 0),
0, MAV_STATE_STANDBY);
sendMessage(&msg);
}
if (t - lastFast >= PERIOD_FAST) {
lastFast = t;
const float zeroQuat[] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
Quaternion attitudeFRD = FLU2FRD(attitude); // MAVLink uses FRD coordinate system
mavlink_msg_attitude_quaternion_pack(SYSTEM_ID, MAV_COMP_ID_AUTOPILOT1, &msg,
time, attitudeFRD.w, attitudeFRD.x, attitudeFRD.y, attitudeFRD.z, rates.x, rates.y, rates.z, zeroQuat);
sendMessage(&msg);
mavlink_msg_rc_channels_scaled_pack(SYSTEM_ID, MAV_COMP_ID_AUTOPILOT1, &msg, time, 0,
controls[0] * 10000, controls[1] * 10000, controls[2] * 10000,
controls[3] * 10000, controls[4] * 10000, controls[5] * 10000,
INT16_MAX, INT16_MAX, UINT8_MAX);
sendMessage(&msg);
float actuator[32];
memcpy(actuator, motors, sizeof(motors));
mavlink_msg_actuator_output_status_pack(SYSTEM_ID, MAV_COMP_ID_AUTOPILOT1, &msg, time, 4, actuator);
sendMessage(&msg);
mavlink_msg_scaled_imu_pack(SYSTEM_ID, MAV_COMP_ID_AUTOPILOT1, &msg, time,
acc.x * 1000, acc.y * 1000, acc.z * 1000,
gyro.x * 1000, gyro.y * 1000, gyro.z * 1000,
0, 0, 0, 0);
sendMessage(&msg);
}
}
void sendMessage(const void *msg) {
uint8_t buf[MAVLINK_MAX_PACKET_LEN];
int len = mavlink_msg_to_send_buffer(buf, (mavlink_message_t *)msg);
sendWiFi(buf, len);
}
void receiveMavlink() {
uint8_t buf[MAVLINK_MAX_PACKET_LEN];
int len = receiveWiFi(buf, MAVLINK_MAX_PACKET_LEN);
// New packet, parse it
mavlink_message_t msg;
mavlink_status_t status;
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
if (mavlink_parse_char(MAVLINK_COMM_0, buf[i], &msg, &status)) {
handleMavlink(&msg);
}
}
}
void handleMavlink(const void *_msg) {
mavlink_message_t *msg = (mavlink_message_t *)_msg;
if (msg->msgid == MAVLINK_MSG_ID_MANUAL_CONTROL) {
mavlink_manual_control_t manualControl;
mavlink_msg_manual_control_decode(msg, &manualControl);
controls[RC_CHANNEL_THROTTLE] = manualControl.z / 1000.0f;
controls[RC_CHANNEL_PITCH] = manualControl.x / 1000.0f * MAVLINK_CONTROL_SCALE;
controls[RC_CHANNEL_ROLL] = manualControl.y / 1000.0f * MAVLINK_CONTROL_SCALE;
controls[RC_CHANNEL_YAW] = manualControl.r / 1000.0f * MAVLINK_CONTROL_SCALE;
controls[RC_CHANNEL_MODE] = 1; // STAB mode
controls[RC_CHANNEL_ARMED] = 1; // armed
if (abs(controls[RC_CHANNEL_YAW]) < MAVLINK_CONTROL_YAW_DEAD_ZONE) controls[RC_CHANNEL_YAW] = 0;
}
}
// Convert Forward-Left-Up to Forward-Right-Down quaternion
inline Quaternion FLU2FRD(const Quaternion &q) {
return Quaternion(q.w, q.x, -q.y, -q.z);
}
#endif
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Motors output control using MOSFETs
// In case of using ESC, use this version of the code: https://gist.github.com/okalachev/8871d3a94b6b6c0a298f41a4edd34c61.
// Motor: 8520 3.7V
#define MOTOR_0_PIN 12 // rear left
#define MOTOR_1_PIN 13 // rear right
#define MOTOR_2_PIN 14 // front right
#define MOTOR_3_PIN 15 // front left
#define PWM_FREQUENCY 200
#define PWM_RESOLUTION 8
void setupMotors() {
Serial.println("Setup Motors");
// configure pins
ledcAttach(MOTOR_0_PIN, PWM_FREQUENCY, PWM_RESOLUTION);
ledcAttach(MOTOR_1_PIN, PWM_FREQUENCY, PWM_RESOLUTION);
ledcAttach(MOTOR_2_PIN, PWM_FREQUENCY, PWM_RESOLUTION);
ledcAttach(MOTOR_3_PIN, PWM_FREQUENCY, PWM_RESOLUTION);
sendMotors();
Serial.println("Motors initialized");
}
uint8_t signalToDutyCycle(float control) {
float duty = mapff(control, 0, 1, 0, (1 << PWM_RESOLUTION) - 1);
return round(constrain(duty, 0, (1 << PWM_RESOLUTION) - 1));
}
void sendMotors() {
ledcWrite(MOTOR_0_PIN, signalToDutyCycle(motors[0]));
ledcWrite(MOTOR_1_PIN, signalToDutyCycle(motors[1]));
ledcWrite(MOTOR_2_PIN, signalToDutyCycle(motors[2]));
ledcWrite(MOTOR_3_PIN, signalToDutyCycle(motors[3]));
}
void fullMotorTest(int n) {
printf("Full test for motor %d\n", n);
for (float signal = 0; signal <= 1; signal += 0.1) {
printf("Motor %d: %f\n", n, signal);
ledcWrite(n, signalToDutyCycle(signal));
delay(3000);
}
printf("Motor %d: %f\n", n, 0);
ledcWrite(n, signalToDutyCycle(0));
}
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// PID controller implementation
#pragma once
#include "lpf.h"
class PID {
public:
float p = 0;
float i = 0;
float d = 0;
float windup = 0;
float derivative = 0;
float integral = 0;
LowPassFilter<float> lpf; // low pass filter for derivative term
PID(float p, float i, float d, float windup = 0, float dAlpha = 1) : p(p), i(i), d(d), windup(windup), lpf(dAlpha) {};
float update(float error, float dt) {
integral += error * dt;
if (isfinite(prevError) && dt > 0) {
// calculate derivative if both dt and prevError are valid
derivative = (error - prevError) / dt;
// apply low pass filter to derivative
derivative = lpf.update(derivative);
}
prevError = error;
return p * error + constrain(i * integral, -windup, windup) + d * derivative; // PID
}
void reset() {
prevError = NAN;
integral = 0;
derivative = 0;
}
private:
float prevError = NAN;
};
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Lightweight rotation quaternion library
#pragma once
#include "vector.h"
class Quaternion : public Printable {
public:
float w, x, y, z;
Quaternion(): w(1), x(0), y(0), z(0) {};
Quaternion(float w, float x, float y, float z): w(w), x(x), y(y), z(z) {};
static Quaternion fromAxisAngle(float a, float b, float c, float angle) {
float halfAngle = angle * 0.5;
float sin2 = sin(halfAngle);
float cos2 = cos(halfAngle);
float sinNorm = sin2 / sqrt(a * a + b * b + c * c);
return Quaternion(cos2, a * sinNorm, b * sinNorm, c * sinNorm);
}
static Quaternion fromAngularRates(const Vector& rates) {
if (rates.zero()) {
return Quaternion();
}
return Quaternion::fromAxisAngle(rates.x, rates.y, rates.z, rates.norm());
}
static Quaternion fromEulerZYX(const Vector& euler) {
float cx = cos(euler.x / 2);
float cy = cos(euler.y / 2);
float cz = cos(euler.z / 2);
float sx = sin(euler.x / 2);
float sy = sin(euler.y / 2);
float sz = sin(euler.z / 2);
return Quaternion(
cx * cy * cz + sx * sy * sz,
sx * cy * cz - cx * sy * sz,
cx * sy * cz + sx * cy * sz,
cx * cy * sz - sx * sy * cz);
}
static Quaternion fromBetweenVectors(Vector u, Vector v) {
float dot = u.x * v.x + u.y * v.y + u.z * v.z;
float w1 = u.y * v.z - u.z * v.y;
float w2 = u.z * v.x - u.x * v.z;
float w3 = u.x * v.y - u.y * v.x;
Quaternion ret(
dot + sqrt(dot * dot + w1 * w1 + w2 * w2 + w3 * w3),
w1,
w2,
w3);
ret.normalize();
return ret;
}
void toAxisAngle(float& a, float& b, float& c, float& angle) {
angle = acos(w) * 2;
a = x / sin(angle / 2);
b = y / sin(angle / 2);
c = z / sin(angle / 2);
}
Vector toEulerZYX() const {
// https://github.com/ros/geometry2/blob/589caf083cae9d8fae7effdb910454b4681b9ec1/tf2/include/tf2/impl/utils.h#L87
Vector euler;
float sqx = x * x;
float sqy = y * y;
float sqz = z * z;
float sqw = w * w;
// Cases derived from https://orbitalstation.wordpress.com/tag/quaternion/
float sarg = -2 * (x * z - w * y) / (sqx + sqy + sqz + sqw);
if (sarg <= -0.99999) {
euler.x = 0;
euler.y = -0.5 * PI;
euler.z = -2 * atan2(y, x);
} else if (sarg >= 0.99999) {
euler.x = 0;
euler.y = 0.5 * PI;
euler.z = 2 * atan2(y, x);
} else {
euler.x = atan2(2 * (y * z + w * x), sqw - sqx - sqy + sqz);
euler.y = asin(sarg);
euler.z = atan2(2 * (x * y + w * z), sqw + sqx - sqy - sqz);
}
return euler;
}
float getYaw() const {
// https://github.com/ros/geometry2/blob/589caf083cae9d8fae7effdb910454b4681b9ec1/tf2/include/tf2/impl/utils.h#L122
float yaw;
float sqx = x * x;
float sqy = y * y;
float sqz = z * z;
float sqw = w * w;
double sarg = -2 * (x * z - w * y) / (sqx + sqy + sqz + sqw);
if (sarg <= -0.99999) {
yaw = -2 * atan2(y, x);
} else if (sarg >= 0.99999) {
yaw = 2 * atan2(y, x);
} else {
yaw = atan2(2 * (x * y + w * z), sqw + sqx - sqy - sqz);
}
return yaw;
}
void setYaw(float yaw) {
// TODO: optimize?
Vector euler = toEulerZYX();
euler.z = yaw;
(*this) = Quaternion::fromEulerZYX(euler);
}
Quaternion& operator *= (const Quaternion& q) {
Quaternion ret(
w * q.w - x * q.x - y * q.y - z * q.z,
w * q.x + x * q.w + y * q.z - z * q.y,
w * q.y + y * q.w + z * q.x - x * q.z,
w * q.z + z * q.w + x * q.y - y * q.x);
return (*this = ret);
}
Quaternion operator * (const Quaternion& q) {
return Quaternion(
w * q.w - x * q.x - y * q.y - z * q.z,
w * q.x + x * q.w + y * q.z - z * q.y,
w * q.y + y * q.w + z * q.x - x * q.z,
w * q.z + z * q.w + x * q.y - y * q.x);
}
Quaternion inversed() const {
float normSqInv = 1 / (w * w + x * x + y * y + z * z);
return Quaternion(
w * normSqInv,
-x * normSqInv,
-y * normSqInv,
-z * normSqInv);
}
float norm() const {
return sqrt(w * w + x * x + y * y + z * z);
}
void normalize() {
float n = norm();
w /= n;
x /= n;
y /= n;
z /= n;
}
Vector conjugate(const Vector& v) {
Quaternion qv(0, v.x, v.y, v.z);
Quaternion res = (*this) * qv * inversed();
return Vector(res.x, res.y, res.z);
}
Vector conjugateInversed(const Vector& v) {
Quaternion qv(0, v.x, v.y, v.z);
Quaternion res = inversed() * qv * (*this);
return Vector(res.x, res.y, res.z);
}
// Rotate vector by quaternion
inline Vector rotate(const Vector& v) {
return conjugateInversed(v);
}
inline bool finite() const {
return isfinite(w) && isfinite(x) && isfinite(y) && isfinite(z);
}
size_t printTo(Print& p) const {
size_t r = 0;
r += p.print(w, 15) + p.print(" ");
r += p.print(x, 15) + p.print(" ");
r += p.print(y, 15) + p.print(" ");
r += p.print(z, 15);
return r;
}
};
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Work with the RC receiver
#include <SBUS.h>
// NOTE: use 'cr' command to calibrate the RC and put the values here
int channelNeutral[] = {995, 883, 200, 972, 512, 512, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
int channelMax[] = {1651, 1540, 1713, 1630, 1472, 1472, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
SBUS RC(Serial2, 16, 17); // NOTE: remove pin numbers (16, 17) if you use the new default pins for Serial2 (4, 25)
void setupRC() {
Serial.println("Setup RC");
RC.begin();
}
void readRC() {
if (RC.read()) {
SBUSData data = RC.data();
memcpy(channels, data.ch, sizeof(channels)); // copy channels data
normalizeRC();
}
}
void normalizeRC() {
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < RC_CHANNELS; i++) {
controls[i] = mapf(channels[i], channelNeutral[i], channelMax[i], 0, 1);
}
}
void calibrateRC() {
Serial.println("Calibrate RC: move all sticks to maximum positions within 4 seconds");
Serial.println("··o ··o\n··· ···\n··· ···");
delay(4000);
for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) readRC(); // ensure the values are updated
for (int i = 0; i < RC_CHANNELS; i++) {
channelMax[i] = channels[i];
}
Serial.println("Calibrate RC: move all sticks to neutral positions within 4 seconds");
Serial.println("··· ···\n··· ·o·\n·o· ···");
delay(4000);
for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) readRC(); // ensure the values are updated
for (int i = 0; i < RC_CHANNELS; i++) {
channelNeutral[i] = channels[i];
}
printRCCal();
}
void printRCCal() {
printArray(channelNeutral, RC_CHANNELS);
printArray(channelMax, RC_CHANNELS);
}
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Time related functions
void step() {
float now = micros() / 1000000.0;
dt = now - t;
t = now;
if (!(dt > 0)) {
dt = 0; // assume dt to be zero on first step and on reset
}
computeLoopFreq();
}
void computeLoopFreq() {
static float windowStart = 0;
static uint32_t freq = 0;
freq++;
if (t - windowStart >= 1) { // 1 second window
loopFreq = freq;
windowStart = t;
freq = 0;
}
}
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Utility functions
#include <math.h>
#include <soc/soc.h>
#include <soc/rtc_cntl_reg.h>
float mapf(long x, long in_min, long in_max, float out_min, float out_max) {
return (float)(x - in_min) * (out_max - out_min) / (float)(in_max - in_min) + out_min;
}
float mapff(float x, float in_min, float in_max, float out_min, float out_max) {
return (x - in_min) * (out_max - out_min) / (in_max - in_min) + out_min;
}
int8_t sign(float x) {
return (x > 0) - (x < 0);
}
float randomFloat(float min, float max) {
return min + (max - min) * (float)rand() / RAND_MAX;
}
// Wrap angle to [-PI, PI)
float wrapAngle(float angle) {
angle = fmodf(angle, 2 * PI);
if (angle > PI) {
angle -= 2 * PI;
} else if (angle < -PI) {
angle += 2 * PI;
}
return angle;
}
template <typename T>
void printArray(T arr[], int size) {
Serial.print("{");
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
Serial.print(arr[i]);
if (i < size - 1) Serial.print(", ");
}
Serial.println("}");
}
// Disable reset on low voltage
void disableBrownOut() {
WRITE_PERI_REG(RTC_CNTL_BROWN_OUT_REG, 0);
}
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Lightweight vector library
#pragma once
class Vector : public Printable {
public:
float x, y, z;
Vector(): x(0), y(0), z(0) {};
Vector(float x, float y, float z): x(x), y(y), z(z) {};
float norm() const {
return sqrt(x * x + y * y + z * z);
}
bool zero() const {
return x == 0 && y == 0 && z == 0;
}
void normalize() {
float n = norm();
x /= n;
y /= n;
z /= n;
}
Vector operator * (const float b) const {
return Vector(x * b, y * b, z * b);
}
Vector operator / (const float b) const {
return Vector(x / b, y / b, z / b);
}
Vector operator + (const Vector& b) const {
return Vector(x + b.x, y + b.y, z + b.z);
}
Vector operator - (const Vector& b) const {
return Vector(x - b.x, y - b.y, z - b.z);
}
// Element-wise multiplication
Vector operator * (const Vector& b) const {
return Vector(x * b.x, y * b.y, z * b.z);
}
// Element-wise division
Vector operator / (const Vector& b) const {
return Vector(x / b.x, y / b.y, z / b.z);
}
inline bool operator == (const Vector& b) const {
return x == b.x && y == b.y && z == b.z;
}
inline bool operator != (const Vector& b) const {
return !(*this == b);
}
inline bool finite() const {
return isfinite(x) && isfinite(y) && isfinite(z);
}
static float dot(const Vector& a, const Vector& b) {
return a.x * b.x + a.y * b.y + a.z * b.z;
}
static Vector cross(const Vector& a, const Vector& b) {
return Vector(a.y * b.z - a.z * b.y, a.z * b.x - a.x * b.z, a.x * b.y - a.y * b.x);
}
static float angleBetweenVectors(const Vector& a, const Vector& b) {
return acos(constrain(dot(a, b) / (a.norm() * b.norm()), -1, 1));
}
static Vector angularRatesBetweenVectors(const Vector& a, const Vector& b) {
Vector direction = cross(a, b);
if (direction.zero()) {
// vectors are opposite, return any perpendicular vector
return cross(a, Vector(1, 0, 0));
}
direction.normalize();
float angle = angleBetweenVectors(a, b);
return direction * angle;
}
size_t printTo(Print& p) const {
return
p.print(x, 15) + p.print(" ") +
p.print(y, 15) + p.print(" ") +
p.print(z, 15);
}
};
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Wi-Fi support
#if WIFI_ENABLED == 1
#include <WiFi.h>
#include <WiFiAP.h>
#include <WiFiUdp.h>
#define WIFI_SSID "flix"
#define WIFI_PASSWORD "flixwifi"
#define WIFI_UDP_IP "255.255.255.255"
#define WIFI_UDP_PORT 14550
WiFiUDP udp;
void setupWiFi() {
Serial.println("Setup Wi-Fi");
WiFi.softAP(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASSWORD);
IPAddress myIP = WiFi.softAPIP();
udp.begin(WIFI_UDP_PORT);
}
void sendWiFi(const uint8_t *buf, int len) {
udp.beginPacket(WIFI_UDP_IP, WIFI_UDP_PORT);
udp.write(buf, len);
udp.endPacket();
}
int receiveWiFi(uint8_t *buf, int len) {
udp.parsePacket();
return udp.read(buf, len);
}
#endif
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Partial implementation of Arduino API for simulation
#pragma once
#include <cmath>
#include <string>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/poll.h>
#define PI 3.1415926535897932384626433832795
#define DEG_TO_RAD 0.017453292519943295769236907684886
#define RAD_TO_DEG 57.295779513082320876798154814105
#define radians(deg) ((deg)*DEG_TO_RAD)
#define degrees(rad) ((rad)*RAD_TO_DEG)
#define constrain(amt,low,high) ((amt)<(low)?(low):((amt)>(high)?(high):(amt)))
long map(long x, long in_min, long in_max, long out_min, long out_max) {
const long run = in_max - in_min;
const long rise = out_max - out_min;
const long delta = x - in_min;
return (delta * rise) / run + out_min;
}
class __FlashStringHelper;
// Arduino String partial implementation
// https://www.arduino.cc/reference/en/language/variables/data-types/stringobject/
class String: public std::string {
public:
long toInt() const { return atol(this->c_str()); }
float toFloat() const { return atof(this->c_str()); }
bool isEmpty() const { return this->empty(); }
};
class Print;
class Printable {
public:
virtual size_t printTo(Print& p) const = 0;
};
class Print {
public:
size_t printf(const char *format, ...) {
va_list args;
va_start(args, format);
size_t result = vprintf(format, args);
va_end(args);
return result;
}
size_t print(int n) {
return printf("%d", n);
}
size_t print(float n, int digits = 2) {
return printf("%.*f", digits, n);
}
size_t println(float n, int digits = 2) {
return printf("%.*f\n", digits, n);
}
size_t print(const char* s) {
return printf("%s", s);
}
size_t println() {
return print("\n");
}
size_t println(const char* s) {
return printf("%s\n", s);
}
size_t println(const Printable& p) {
return p.printTo(*this) + print("\n");
}
size_t print(const String& s) {
return printf("%s", s.c_str());
}
size_t println(const std::string& s) {
return printf("%s\n", s.c_str());
}
size_t println(const String& s) {
return printf("%s\n", s.c_str());
}
};
class HardwareSerial: public Print {
public:
void begin(unsigned long baud) {
// server is running in background by default, so doesn't have access to stdin
// https://github.com/gazebosim/gazebo-classic/blob/d45feeb51f773e63960616880b0544770b8d1ad7/gazebo/gazebo_main.cc#L216
// set foreground process group to current process group to allow reading from stdin
// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58918188/why-is-stdin-not-propagated-to-child-process-of-different-process-group
signal(SIGTTOU, SIG_IGN);
tcsetpgrp(STDIN_FILENO, getpgrp());
signal(SIGTTOU, SIG_DFL);
};
int available() {
// to implement for Windows, see https://stackoverflow.com/a/71992965/6850197
struct pollfd pfd = { .fd = STDIN_FILENO, .events = POLLIN };
return poll(&pfd, 1, 0) > 0;
}
int read() {
if (available()) {
char c;
size_t res = ::read(STDIN_FILENO, &c, 1); // use raw read to avoid C++ buffering
// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45238997/does-getchar-function-has-its-own-buffer-to-store-remaining-input
return c;
}
return -1;
}
void setRxInvert(bool invert) {};
};
HardwareSerial Serial, Serial2;
void delay(uint32_t ms) {
std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(ms));
}
unsigned long __micros;
unsigned long __resetTime = 0;
unsigned long micros() {
return __micros + __resetTime; // keep the time monotonic
}
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cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5 FATAL_ERROR)
project(flix_gazebo)
# === gazebo plugin
find_package(gazebo REQUIRED)
find_package(SDL2 REQUIRED)
include_directories(${GAZEBO_INCLUDE_DIRS})
link_directories(${GAZEBO_LIBRARY_DIRS})
list(APPEND CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${GAZEBO_CXX_FLAGS}")
set(FLIX_SOURCE_DIR ../flix)
include_directories(${FLIX_SOURCE_DIR})
set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE RelWithDebInfo)
add_library(flix SHARED simulator.cpp)
target_link_libraries(flix ${GAZEBO_LIBRARIES} ${SDL2_LIBRARIES})
target_include_directories(flix PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
target_compile_options(flix PRIVATE -Wno-address-of-packed-member) # disable unneeded mavlink warnings
# Include dir for MAVLink-Arduino library
target_include_directories(flix PUBLIC $ENV{HOME}/Arduino/libraries/MAVLink)
target_include_directories(flix PUBLIC $ENV{HOME}/Documents/Arduino/libraries/MAVLink)
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# Gazebo Simulation
<img src="../docs/img/simulator.png" width=500 alt="Flix simulator">
## Building and running
See [building and running instructions](../docs/build.md#simulation).
## Code structure
Flix simulator is based on [Gazebo Classic](https://classic.gazebosim.org) and consists of the following components:
* Physical model of the drone: [`models/flix/flix.sdf`](models/flix/flix.sdf).
* Plugin for Gazebo: [`simulator.cpp`](simulator.cpp). The plugin is attached to the physical model. It receives stick positions from the controller, gets the data from the virtual sensors, and then passes this data to the Arduino code.
* Arduino imitation: [`Arduino.h`](Arduino.h). This file contains partial implementation of the Arduino API, that is working within Gazebo plugin environment.
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// SBUS library mock to make it possible to compile simulator with rc.ino
#include "joystick.h"
struct SBUSData {
int16_t ch[16];
};
class SBUS {
public:
SBUS(HardwareSerial& bus, const bool inv = true) {};
SBUS(HardwareSerial& bus, const int8_t rxpin, const int8_t txpin, const bool inv = true) {};
void begin() {};
bool read() { return joystickGet(); };
SBUSData data() {
SBUSData data;
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
data.ch[i] = channels[i];
}
return data;
};
};
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Declarations of some functions and variables in Arduino code
#include <cmath>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "vector.h"
#include "quaternion.h"
#include "Arduino.h"
#include "wifi.h"
#define RC_CHANNELS 16
#define MOTOR_REAR_LEFT 0
#define MOTOR_FRONT_LEFT 3
#define MOTOR_FRONT_RIGHT 2
#define MOTOR_REAR_RIGHT 1
#define WIFI_ENABLED 1
float t = NAN;
float dt;
float loopFreq;
float motors[4];
int16_t channels[16]; // raw rc channels
float controls[RC_CHANNELS];
Vector acc;
Vector gyro;
Vector rates;
Quaternion attitude;
// declarations
void computeLoopFreq();
void applyGyro();
void applyAcc();
void signalizeHorizontality();
void control();
void interpretRC();
void controlAttitude();
void controlRate();
void controlTorque();
void showTable();
bool motorsActive();
void cliTestMotor(uint8_t n);
void printRCCal();
void processMavlink();
void sendMavlink();
void sendMessage(const void *msg);
void receiveMavlink();
void handleMavlink(const void *_msg);
inline Quaternion FLU2FRD(const Quaternion &q);
// mocks
void setLED(bool on) {};
void calibrateGyro() { printf("Skip gyro calibrating\n"); };
void calibrateAccel() { printf("Skip accel calibrating\n"); };
void fullMotorTest(int n) { printf("Skip full motor test\n"); };
void sendMotors() {};
void printIMUCal() { printf("cal: N/A\n"); };
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<?xml version="1.0"?>
<sdf version="1.4">
<world name="default">
<scene>
<ambient>1 1 1 1</ambient>
<sky/>
<origin_visual>false</origin_visual>
<grid>false</grid>
</scene>
<gui>
<camera name="user_camera">
<pose>-2.3 0 1.1 0 0.3 0</pose>
</camera>
</gui>
<physics type="ode">
<max_step_size>0.001</max_step_size>
</physics>
<include>
<uri>model://floor</uri>
</include>
<include>
<uri>model://sun</uri>
</include>
<include>
<uri>model://flix</uri>
<pose>0 0 0.3 0 0 0</pose>
</include>
</world>
</sdf>
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Joystick support for simulation
#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
#include <gazebo/gazebo.hh>
#include <iostream>
// simulation calibration overrides, NOTE: use `cr` command and replace with the actual values
const int channelNeutralOverride[] = {-258, -258, -27349, 0, -27349, 0};
const int channelMaxOverride[] = {27090, 27090, 27090, 27090, -5676, 1};
#define RC_CHANNEL_ROLL 0
#define RC_CHANNEL_PITCH 1
#define RC_CHANNEL_THROTTLE 2
#define RC_CHANNEL_YAW 3
#define RC_CHANNEL_ARMED 5
#define RC_CHANNEL_MODE 4
SDL_Joystick *joystick;
bool joystickInitialized = false, warnShown = false;
void normalizeRC();
void joystickInit() {
SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_JOYSTICK);
joystick = SDL_JoystickOpen(0);
if (joystick != NULL) {
joystickInitialized = true;
gzmsg << "Joystick initialized: " << SDL_JoystickNameForIndex(0) << std::endl;
} else if (!warnShown) {
gzwarn << "Joystick not found, begin waiting for joystick..." << std::endl;
warnShown = true;
}
// apply calibration overrides
extern int channelNeutral[RC_CHANNELS];
extern int channelMax[RC_CHANNELS];
memcpy(channelNeutral, channelNeutralOverride, sizeof(channelNeutralOverride));
memcpy(channelMax, channelMaxOverride, sizeof(channelMaxOverride));
}
bool joystickGet() {
if (!joystickInitialized) {
joystickInit();
return false;
}
SDL_JoystickUpdate();
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
channels[i] = SDL_JoystickGetAxis(joystick, i);
}
return true;
}
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<?xml version="1.0"?>
<sdf version="1.5">
<model name="flix">
<link name="body">
<inertial>
<mass>0.065</mass>
<inertia>
<ixx>3.55E-5</ixx>
<iyy>4.23E-5</iyy>
<izz>7.47E-5</izz>
</inertia>
</inertial>
<collision name="collision">
<geometry>
<box>
<size>0.095 0.095 0.0276</size>
</box>
</geometry>
</collision>
<sensor name="imu" type="imu">
<always_on>1</always_on>
<visualize>1</visualize>
<update_rate>1000</update_rate>
<imu>
<angular_velocity>
<x>
<noise type="gaussian">
<stddev>0.00174533</stddev><!-- 0.1 degrees per second -->
</noise>
</x>
<y>
<noise type="gaussian">
<stddev>0.00174533</stddev>
</noise>
</y>
<z>
<noise type="gaussian">
<stddev>0.00174533</stddev>
</noise>
</z>
</angular_velocity>
<linear_acceleration>
<x>
<noise type="gaussian">
<stddev>0.0784</stddev><!-- 8 mg -->
</noise>
</x>
<y>
<noise type="gaussian">
<stddev>0.0784</stddev>
</noise>
</y>
<z>
<noise type="gaussian">
<stddev>0.0784</stddev>
</noise>
</z>
</linear_acceleration>
</imu>
</sensor>
<visual name="body">
<geometry>
<mesh><uri>model://flix/flix.stl</uri></mesh>
</geometry>
<material>
<ambient>0.5 0.5 0.6 1</ambient>
<diffuse>0.5 0.5 0.6 1</diffuse>
<specular>0 0 0 1</specular>
<emissive>0 0 0 1</emissive>
</material>
</visual>
<visual name="prop0"><!-- rear left -->
<geometry><cylinder><radius>0.0275</radius><length>0</length></cylinder></geometry>
<pose>-0.04243 0.04243 0.0142 0 0 0</pose>
<material><ambient>0.8 0.3 0.3 0.5</ambient><diffuse>0.8 0.3 0.3 0.5</diffuse></material>
</visual>
<visual name="prop1"><!-- rear right -->
<geometry><cylinder><radius>0.0275</radius><length>0</length></cylinder></geometry>
<pose>-0.04243 -0.04243 0.0142 0 0 0</pose>
<material><ambient>0.8 0.3 0.3 0.5</ambient><diffuse>0.8 0.3 0.3 0.5</diffuse></material>
</visual>
<visual name="prop2"><!-- front right -->
<geometry><cylinder><radius>0.0275</radius><length>0</length></cylinder></geometry>
<pose>0.04243 -0.04243 0.0142 0 0 0</pose>
<material><ambient>1 1 1 0.5</ambient><diffuse>1 1 1 0.5</diffuse></material>
</visual>
<visual name="prop3"><!-- front left -->
<geometry><cylinder><radius>0.0275</radius><length>0</length></cylinder></geometry>
<pose>0.04243 0.04243 0.0142 0 0 0</pose>
<material><ambient>1 1 1 0.5</ambient><diffuse>1 1 1 0.5</diffuse></material>
</visual>
</link>
<plugin name="flix" filename="libflix.so"/>
</model>
</sdf>
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<?xml version="1.0"?>
<model>
<name>flix</name>
<version>1.0</version>
<sdf version="1.5">flix.sdf</sdf>
<author>
<name>Oleg Kalachev</name>
<email>okalachev@gmail.com</email>
</author>
<license>Unknown</license>
<description>
Flix quadrotor
</description>
</model>
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<?xml version="1.0"?>
<sdf version="1.5">
<model name="floor">
<static>true</static>
<link name="link">
<pose>0 0 -0.02 0 0 0</pose>
<collision name="collision">
<geometry>
<box>
<size>200 200 .02</size>
</box>
</geometry>
</collision>
<visual name="visual">
<cast_shadows>false</cast_shadows>
<geometry>
<box>
<size>200 200 .02</size>
</box>
</geometry>
<material>
<script>
<uri>model://floor/materials/scripts</uri>
<uri>model://floor/materials/textures</uri>
<name>parquet</name>
</script>
</material>
</visual>
</link>
</model>
</sdf>
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
material parquet
{
technique
{
pass
{
ambient 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.0
diffuse 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.0
specular 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.0 12.5
texture_unit
{
texture floor.jpg
filtering anistropic
max_anisotropy 16
scale 0.01 0.01
}
}
}
}
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Width:  |  Height:  |  Size: 11 MiB

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<?xml version="1.0"?>
<model>
<name>Floor</name>
<version>1.0</version>
<sdf version="1.5">floor.sdf</sdf>
<author>
<name>Oleg Kalachev</name>
<email>okalachev@gmail.com</email>
</author>
<license>Unknown</license>
<description>
Floor.
</description>
</model>
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<?xml version="1.0"?>
<sdf version="1.5">
<model name="table1">
<static>true</static>
<link name="link">
<pose>0 0 0 0 0 0</pose>
<collision name="mesh">
<geometry>
<mesh>
<uri>model://linnmon/linnmon.dae</uri>
</mesh>
</geometry>
</collision>
<visual name="visual">
<geometry>
<mesh>
<uri>model://linnmon/linnmon.dae</uri>
</mesh>
</geometry>
</visual>
</link>
</model>
</sdf>
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<?xml version="1.0"?>
<model>
<name>linnmon</name>
<version>1.0</version>
<sdf version="1.5">linnmon.sdf</sdf>
<author>
<name>Oleg Kalachev</name>
<email>okalachev@gmail.com</email>
</author>
<license>Unknown</license>
<description>
Linnmon table from https://3dlancer.net/en/producermodels/tables-coffee-tables/3dmodel-table-with-ikea-linnmon-36059
</description>
</model>
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Gazebo plugin for running Arduino code and simulating the drone
#include <functional>
#include <cmath>
#include <gazebo/gazebo.hh>
#include <gazebo/physics/physics.hh>
#include <gazebo/common/common.hh>
#include <gazebo/sensors/sensors.hh>
#include <gazebo/msgs/msgs.hh>
#include <ignition/math/Vector3.hh>
#include <ignition/math/Pose3.hh>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include "Arduino.h"
#include "flix.h"
#include "util.ino"
#include "rc.ino"
#include "time.ino"
#include "estimate.ino"
#include "control.ino"
#include "log.ino"
#include "cli.ino"
#include "mavlink.ino"
#include "lpf.h"
using ignition::math::Vector3d;
using namespace gazebo;
using namespace std;
class ModelFlix : public ModelPlugin {
private:
physics::ModelPtr model;
physics::LinkPtr body;
sensors::ImuSensorPtr imu;
event::ConnectionPtr updateConnection, resetConnection;
transport::NodePtr nodeHandle;
transport::PublisherPtr motorPub[4];
LowPassFilter<Vector> accFilter = LowPassFilter<Vector>(0.1);
public:
void Load(physics::ModelPtr _parent, sdf::ElementPtr /*_sdf*/) {
this->model = _parent;
this->body = this->model->GetLink("body");
this->imu = dynamic_pointer_cast<sensors::ImuSensor>(sensors::get_sensor(model->GetScopedName(true) + "::body::imu")); // default::flix::body::imu
this->updateConnection = event::Events::ConnectWorldUpdateBegin(std::bind(&ModelFlix::OnUpdate, this));
this->resetConnection = event::Events::ConnectWorldReset(std::bind(&ModelFlix::OnReset, this));
initNode();
Serial.begin(0);
gzmsg << "Flix plugin loaded" << endl;
}
void OnReset() {
attitude = Quaternion(); // reset estimated attitude
__resetTime += __micros;
gzmsg << "Flix plugin reset" << endl;
}
void OnUpdate() {
__micros = model->GetWorld()->SimTime().Double() * 1000000;
step();
// read virtual imu
gyro = Vector(imu->AngularVelocity().X(), imu->AngularVelocity().Y(), imu->AngularVelocity().Z());
acc = this->accFilter.update(Vector(imu->LinearAcceleration().X(), imu->LinearAcceleration().Y(), imu->LinearAcceleration().Z()));
// read rc
readRC();
controls[RC_CHANNEL_MODE] = 1; // 0 acro, 1 stab
controls[RC_CHANNEL_ARMED] = 1; // armed
estimate();
// correct yaw to the actual yaw
attitude.setYaw(this->model->WorldPose().Yaw());
control();
parseInput();
processMavlink();
applyMotorForces();
publishTopics();
logData();
}
void applyMotorForces() {
// thrusts
const double dist = 0.035355; // motors shift from the center, m
const double maxThrust = 0.03 * ONE_G; // ~30 g, https://youtu.be/VtKI4Pjx8Sk?&t=78
const float scale0 = 1.0, scale1 = 1.1, scale2 = 0.9, scale3 = 1.05; // imitating motors asymmetry
float mfl = scale0 * maxThrust * motors[MOTOR_FRONT_LEFT];
float mfr = scale1 * maxThrust * motors[MOTOR_FRONT_RIGHT];
float mrl = scale2 * maxThrust * motors[MOTOR_REAR_LEFT];
float mrr = scale3 * maxThrust * motors[MOTOR_REAR_RIGHT];
body->AddLinkForce(Vector3d(0.0, 0.0, mfl), Vector3d(dist, dist, 0.0));
body->AddLinkForce(Vector3d(0.0, 0.0, mfr), Vector3d(dist, -dist, 0.0));
body->AddLinkForce(Vector3d(0.0, 0.0, mrl), Vector3d(-dist, dist, 0.0));
body->AddLinkForce(Vector3d(0.0, 0.0, mrr), Vector3d(-dist, -dist, 0.0));
// torque
const double maxTorque = 0.0024 * ONE_G; // ~24 g*cm
body->AddRelativeTorque(Vector3d(0.0, 0.0, scale0 * maxTorque * motors[MOTOR_FRONT_LEFT]));
body->AddRelativeTorque(Vector3d(0.0, 0.0, scale1 * -maxTorque * motors[MOTOR_FRONT_RIGHT]));
body->AddRelativeTorque(Vector3d(0.0, 0.0, scale2 * -maxTorque * motors[MOTOR_REAR_LEFT]));
body->AddRelativeTorque(Vector3d(0.0, 0.0, scale3 * maxTorque * motors[MOTOR_REAR_RIGHT]));
}
void initNode() {
nodeHandle = transport::NodePtr(new transport::Node());
nodeHandle->Init();
string ns = "~/" + model->GetName();
// create motors output topics for debugging and plotting
motorPub[0] = nodeHandle->Advertise<msgs::Int>(ns + "/motor0");
motorPub[1] = nodeHandle->Advertise<msgs::Int>(ns + "/motor1");
motorPub[2] = nodeHandle->Advertise<msgs::Int>(ns + "/motor2");
motorPub[3] = nodeHandle->Advertise<msgs::Int>(ns + "/motor3");
}
void publishTopics() {
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
msgs::Int msg;
msg.set_data(static_cast<int>(round(motors[i] * 1000)));
motorPub[i]->Publish(msg);
}
}
};
GZ_REGISTER_MODEL_PLUGIN(ModelFlix)
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// Dummy file to make it possible to compile simulator with util.ino
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// Dummy file to make it possible to compile simulator with util.ino
#define WRITE_PERI_REG(addr, val) {}
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// Copyright (c) 2023 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// sendWiFi and receiveWiFi implementations for the simulation
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/poll.h>
#include <gazebo/gazebo.hh>
#define WIFI_UDP_PORT_LOCAL 14580
#define WIFI_UDP_PORT_REMOTE 14550
int wifiSocket;
void setupWiFi() {
wifiSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
sockaddr_in addr; // local address
addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
addr.sin_port = htons(WIFI_UDP_PORT_LOCAL);
bind(wifiSocket, (sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr));
int broadcast = 1;
setsockopt(wifiSocket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, &broadcast, sizeof(broadcast)); // enable broadcast
gzmsg << "WiFi UDP socket initialized on port " << WIFI_UDP_PORT_LOCAL << " (remote port " << WIFI_UDP_PORT_REMOTE << ")" << std::endl;
}
void sendWiFi(const uint8_t *buf, int len) {
if (wifiSocket == 0) setupWiFi();
sockaddr_in addr; // remote address
addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_BROADCAST; // send UDP broadcast
addr.sin_port = htons(WIFI_UDP_PORT_REMOTE);
sendto(wifiSocket, buf, len, 0, (sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr));
}
int receiveWiFi(uint8_t *buf, int len) {
struct pollfd pfd = { .fd = wifiSocket, .events = POLLIN };
if (poll(&pfd, 1, 0) <= 0) return 0; // check if there is data to read
return recv(wifiSocket, buf, len, 0);
}
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<!-- Generator: Adobe Illustrator 21.1.0, SVG Export Plug-In . SVG Version: 6.00 Build 0) -->
<svg version="1.1" id="Layer_1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px"
viewBox="0 0 54 54" style="enable-background:new 0 0 54 54;" xml:space="preserve">
<style type="text/css">
.st0{fill:none;}
</style>
<g>
<rect x="-0.2" y="0.1" class="st0" width="53.8" height="53.4"/>
<path d="M49.7,16.5c1.3,3.1,2,6.3,2,9.7s-0.7,6.6-2,9.7c-1.3,3.1-3.1,5.7-5.3,8c-2.2,2.2-4.9,4-8,5.3c-3.1,1.3-6.3,2-9.7,2
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+73
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@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Flix — разработка квадрокоптера с нуля</title>
<style>
body {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
background: #d9d9d7;
height: 100vh;
font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size: 22px;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
article {
max-width: 800px;
text-align: center;
}
img.logo {
margin-top: -100px;
max-width: 100%;
}
.github {
background-image: url(img/tg.svg);
background-repeat: no-repeat;
background-position: left center;
background-size: auto 30px;
padding-left: 40px;
vertical-align: middle;
}
a {
color: black;
}
a:hover {
color: rgb(42, 45, 183);
}
.links {
display: inline-block;
list-style-type: none;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
line-height: 50px;
}
.links li {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
}
.links li img {
height: 30px;
margin-right: 10px;
opacity: 0.2;
}
</style>
<!-- Yandex.Metrika counter --> <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(97589916, "init", { clickmap:true, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/97589916" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript> <!-- /Yandex.Metrika counter -->
</head>
<body>
<article>
<img class="logo" src="img/flix.jpg" alt="Flix, версия 0 (прототип)" title="Flix, версия 0 (прототип)">
<ul class="links">
<li>
<img src="img/gh.svg">
GitHub:&nbsp;<a href="https://github.com/okalachev/flix">github.com/okalachev/flix</a>.
</li>
<li>
<img src="img/tg.svg">
Telegram-канал:&nbsp;<a href="https://t.me/opensourcequadcopter">@opensourcequadcopter</a>.
</li>
</ul>
</article>
</body>
</html>
-61
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@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import os
import platform
import json
import re
path = '.vscode/c_cpp_properties.json' if os.path.exists('./.vscode/c_cpp_properties.json') else '../.vscode/c_cpp_properties.json'
txt = open(path).read()
# remove comments
txt = re.sub(r'//.*', '', txt)
props = json.loads(txt)
env = props.get('env', {})
env['workspaceFolder'] = '.'
def check_path(s):
source = s
# replace env
for key, value in env.items():
s = s.replace('${' + key + '}', value)
# remove globs from the end
if s.endswith('**'):
s = s[:-2]
elif s.endswith('*'):
s = s[:-1]
s = os.path.expanduser(s)
if s == '':
s = '.'
print('Check', source, '->', s)
assert os.path.exists(s), 'Path does not exist: ' + s
# linux, macos or windows:
platform = platform.system().lower()
if platform == 'darwin':
platform = 'mac'
elif platform == 'windows':
platform = 'win32'
elif platform == 'linux':
pass
else:
raise Exception('Unknown platform: ' + platform)
for configuration in props['configurations']:
if platform not in configuration['name'].lower():
print('Skip configuration', configuration['name'])
continue
print('Check configuration', configuration['name'])
for include_path in configuration.get('includePath', []):
check_path(include_path)
for forced_include in configuration.get('forcedInclude', []):
check_path(forced_include)
for browse in configuration.get('browse', {}).get('path', []):
check_path(browse)
if 'compilerPath' in configuration:
check_path(configuration['compilerPath'])
-46
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@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""Convert CSV log file to MCAP file.
Usage:
csv_to_mcap.py <csv_file> [<mcap_file>]
"""
import csv
import json
import docopt
from mcap.writer import Writer
args = docopt.docopt(__doc__)
input_file = args['<csv_file>']
output_file = args['<mcap_file>'] or input_file.replace('.csv', '.mcap')
if input_file == output_file:
raise ValueError('Input and output files are the same')
csv_file = open(input_file, 'r')
csv_reader = csv.reader(csv_file, delimiter=',')
header = next(csv_reader)
mcap_file = open(output_file, 'wb')
writer = Writer(mcap_file)
writer.start()
properties = {key: {'type': 'number'} for key in header}
schema_id = writer.register_schema(
name="state",
encoding="jsonschema",
data=json.dumps({"type": "object", "properties": properties}).encode(),
)
channel_id = writer.register_channel(
schema_id=schema_id,
topic="state",
message_encoding="json",
)
for row in csv_reader:
data = {key: float(value) for key, value in zip(header, row)}
timestamp = round(float(row[0]) * 1e9)
writer.add_message(channel_id=channel_id, log_time=timestamp, data=json.dumps(data).encode(), publish_time=timestamp,)
writer.finish()
-23
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@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15)
project(csv_to_ulog)
include(FetchContent)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
FetchContent_Declare(
ulog_cpp
GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/PX4/ulog_cpp.git
GIT_TAG cf24ec6
)
FetchContent_Declare(
rapidcsv
GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/d99kris/rapidcsv.git
GIT_TAG v8.82
)
FetchContent_MakeAvailable(ulog_cpp)
FetchContent_MakeAvailable(rapidcsv)
add_executable(csv_to_ulog csv_to_ulog.cpp)
target_link_libraries(csv_to_ulog PUBLIC ulog_cpp::ulog_cpp)
target_include_directories(csv_to_ulog PUBLIC ${rapidcsv_SOURCE_DIR}/src)
-20
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@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
# csv_to_ulog
Tool for converting CSV flight logs to ULog format so they can be analyzed using [FlightPlot](https://github.com/PX4/FlightPlot) software.
To build, go to the `<flix>/tools/csv_to_ulog` directory and run:
```bash
mkdir build
cd build
cmake ..
make
```
Convert a CSV file to ULog:
```bash
./csv_to_ulog log_file.csv
```
ULog file will be saved in the same directory.

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