6 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Oleg Kalachev
00286c3b67 Try to build the sim on the latest macos 2024-12-10 09:36:36 +03:00
Oleg Kalachev
09466b1d61 Remove verbosity and debug 2024-12-10 09:36:19 +03:00
Oleg Kalachev
d46438baaa Merge branch 'master' into fix-macos-ci 2024-12-10 06:15:23 +03:00
Oleg Kalachev
6e7aa78680 Try different version of new Gazebo to install on macOS 2024-12-10 06:02:09 +03:00
Oleg Kalachev
0c59188c6c Try to debug and fix macos simulation build failure 2024-11-23 19:32:43 +03:00
Oleg Kalachev
bb6d5aa2f0 Use macos-14 to build simulator 2024-11-23 18:57:38 +03:00
106 changed files with 528 additions and 7191 deletions

View File

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ on:
branches: [ '*' ]
pull_request:
branches: [ master ]
workflow_dispatch:
jobs:
build_linux:
@@ -16,13 +15,11 @@ jobs:
run: curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/arduino/arduino-cli/master/install.sh | BINDIR=/usr/local/bin sh
- name: Build firmware
run: make
- name: Build firmware without Wi-Fi
run: sed -i 's/^#define WIFI_ENABLED 1$/#define WIFI_ENABLED 0/' flix/flix.ino && make
- name: Check c_cpp_properties.json
run: tools/check_c_cpp_properties.py
build_macos:
runs-on: macos-latest
runs-on: macos-14
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Install Arduino CLI
@@ -46,7 +43,7 @@ jobs:
run: python3 tools/check_c_cpp_properties.py
build_simulator:
runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- name: Install Arduino CLI
uses: arduino/setup-arduino-cli@v1.1.1
@@ -57,15 +54,14 @@ jobs:
run: sudo apt-get install libsdl2-dev
- name: Build simulator
run: make build_simulator
- uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
- uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
with:
name: gazebo-plugin-binary
path: gazebo/build/*.so
retention-days: 1
build_simulator_macos:
runs-on: macos-latest
if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
runs-on: macos-15
steps:
- name: Install Arduino CLI
run: brew install arduino-cli
@@ -83,3 +79,21 @@ jobs:
run: brew install sdl2
- name: Build simulator
run: make build_simulator
install_gz_ionic_macos:
runs-on: macos-15
steps:
- name: Install Gazebo
run: brew update && brew tap osrf/simulation && brew install gz-ionic
install_gz_jetty_macos:
runs-on: macos-15
steps:
- name: Install Gazebo
run: brew update && brew tap osrf/simulation && brew install gz-jetty
install_gz_harmonic_macos:
runs-on: macos-15
steps:
- name: Install Gazebo
run: brew update && brew tap osrf/simulation && brew install gz-harmonic

View File

@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
name: Docs
on:
push:
branches: [ '*' ]
pull_request:
branches: [ master ]
permissions:
contents: read
pages: write
id-token: write
jobs:
markdownlint:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Install markdownlint
run: npm install -g markdownlint-cli2
- name: Run markdownlint
run: markdownlint-cli2 "**/*.md"
build_book:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
needs: markdownlint
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Install mdBook
run: cargo install mdbook --vers 0.4.43 --locked
- name: Build book
run: cd docs && mdbook build
- name: Upload artifact
uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@v3
with:
path: docs/build
deploy:
if: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/master' }}
concurrency:
group: "pages"
cancel-in-progress: true
environment:
name: github-pages
url: ${{ steps.deployment.outputs.page_url }}
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
needs: build_book
steps:
- name: Deploy to GitHub Pages
id: deployment
uses: actions/deploy-pages@v4

View File

@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
{
"MD004": {
"style": "asterisk"
},
"MD010": false,
"MD013": false,
"MD024": false,
"MD033": false,
"MD034": false,
"MD044": {
"html_elements": false,
"code_blocks": false,
"names": [
"FlixPeriph",
"Wi-Fi",
"STM",
"Li-ion",
"GitHub",
"github.com",
"PPM",
"PWM",
"Futaba",
"S.Bus",
"C++",
"PID",
"Arduino IDE",
"Arduino",
"Arduino Nano",
"ESP32",
"IMU",
"MEMS",
"imu.ino",
"InvenSense",
"MPU-6050",
"MPU-9250",
"GY-91",
"ICM-20948",
"Linux",
"Windows",
"macOS",
"iOS",
"Android",
"Bluetooth",
"GPS",
"GPIO",
"USB",
"SPI",
"I²C",
"UART",
"GND",
"3V3",
"VCC",
"SCL",
"SDA",
"SAO",
"AD0",
"MOSI",
"MISO",
"NCS",
"MOSFET",
"ArduPilot",
"Betaflight",
"PX4"
]
},
"MD045": false
}

View File

@@ -5,18 +5,18 @@
"includePath": [
"${workspaceFolder}/flix",
"${workspaceFolder}/gazebo",
"~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.1.0/cores/esp32",
"~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.1.0/libraries/**",
"~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.1.0/variants/d1_mini32",
"~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp32-arduino-libs/idf-release_v5.3-083aad99-v2/esp32/**",
"~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp32-arduino-libs/idf-release_v5.3-083aad99-v2/esp32/dio_qspi/include",
"~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.7/cores/esp32",
"~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.7/libraries/**",
"~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.7/variants/d1_mini32",
"~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp32-arduino-libs/idf-release_v5.1-632e0c2a/esp32/**",
"~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp32-arduino-libs/idf-release_v5.1-632e0c2a/esp32/dio_qspi/include",
"~/Arduino/libraries/**",
"/usr/include/**"
],
"forcedInclude": [
"${workspaceFolder}/.vscode/intellisense.h",
"~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.1.0/cores/esp32/Arduino.h",
"~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.1.0/variants/d1_mini32/pins_arduino.h",
"~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.7/cores/esp32/Arduino.h",
"~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.7/variants/d1_mini32/pins_arduino.h",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/cli.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/control.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/estimate.ino",
@@ -28,10 +28,10 @@
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/motors.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/rc.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/time.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/wifi.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/parameters.ino"
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/util.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/wifi.ino"
],
"compilerPath": "~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp-x32/2405/bin/xtensa-esp32-elf-g++",
"compilerPath": "~/.arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp-x32/2302/bin/xtensa-esp32-elf-g++",
"cStandard": "c11",
"cppStandard": "c++17",
"defines": [
@@ -52,18 +52,18 @@
"includePath": [
"${workspaceFolder}/flix",
"${workspaceFolder}/gazebo",
"~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.1.0/cores/esp32",
"~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.1.0/libraries/**",
"~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.1.0/variants/d1_mini32",
"~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp32-arduino-libs/idf-release_v5.3-083aad99-v2/esp32/include/**",
"~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp32-arduino-libs/idf-release_v5.3-083aad99-v2/esp32/dio_qspi/include",
"~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.7/cores/esp32",
"~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.7/libraries/**",
"~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.7/variants/d1_mini32",
"~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp32-arduino-libs/idf-release_v5.1-632e0c2a/esp32/include/**",
"~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp32-arduino-libs/idf-release_v5.1-632e0c2a/esp32/dio_qspi/include",
"~/Documents/Arduino/libraries/**",
"/opt/homebrew/include/**"
],
"forcedInclude": [
"${workspaceFolder}/.vscode/intellisense.h",
"~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.1.0/cores/esp32/Arduino.h",
"~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.1.0/variants/d1_mini32/pins_arduino.h",
"~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.7/cores/esp32/Arduino.h",
"~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.7/variants/d1_mini32/pins_arduino.h",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/flix.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/cli.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/control.ino",
@@ -75,10 +75,10 @@
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/motors.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/rc.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/time.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/wifi.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/parameters.ino"
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/util.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/wifi.ino"
],
"compilerPath": "~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp-x32/2405/bin/xtensa-esp32-elf-g++",
"compilerPath": "~/Library/Arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp-x32/2302/bin/xtensa-esp32-elf-g++",
"cStandard": "c11",
"cppStandard": "c++17",
"defines": [
@@ -100,17 +100,17 @@
"includePath": [
"${workspaceFolder}/flix",
"${workspaceFolder}/gazebo",
"~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.1.0/cores/esp32",
"~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.1.0/libraries/**",
"~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.1.0/variants/d1_mini32",
"~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp32-arduino-libs/idf-release_v5.3-083aad99-v2/esp32/**",
"~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp32-arduino-libs/idf-release_v5.3-083aad99-v2/esp32/dio_qspi/include",
"~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.7/cores/esp32",
"~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.7/libraries/**",
"~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.7/variants/d1_mini32",
"~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp32-arduino-libs/idf-release_v5.1-632e0c2a/esp32/**",
"~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp32-arduino-libs/idf-release_v5.1-632e0c2a/esp32/dio_qspi/include",
"~/Documents/Arduino/libraries/**"
],
"forcedInclude": [
"${workspaceFolder}/.vscode/intellisense.h",
"~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.1.0/cores/esp32/Arduino.h",
"~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.1.0/variants/d1_mini32/pins_arduino.h",
"~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.7/cores/esp32/Arduino.h",
"~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/hardware/esp32/3.0.7/variants/d1_mini32/pins_arduino.h",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/cli.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/control.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/estimate.ino",
@@ -122,10 +122,10 @@
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/motors.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/rc.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/time.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/wifi.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/parameters.ino"
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/util.ino",
"${workspaceFolder}/flix/wifi.ino"
],
"compilerPath": "~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp-x32/2405/bin/xtensa-esp32-elf-g++.exe",
"compilerPath": "~/AppData/Local/Arduino15/packages/esp32/tools/esp-x32/2302/bin/xtensa-esp32-elf-g++.exe",
"cStandard": "c11",
"cppStandard": "c++17",
"defines": [

View File

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ monitor:
dependencies .dependencies:
arduino-cli core update-index --config-file arduino-cli.yaml
arduino-cli core install esp32:esp32@3.1.0 --config-file arduino-cli.yaml
arduino-cli core install esp32:esp32@3.0.7 --config-file arduino-cli.yaml
arduino-cli lib update-index
arduino-cli lib install "FlixPeriph"
arduino-cli lib install "MAVLink"@2.0.12

View File

@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@
<table>
<tr>
<td align=center><strong>Version 1.1</strong> (3D-printed frame)</td>
<td align=center><strong>Version 1</strong> (3D-printed frame)</td>
<td align=center><strong>Version 0</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><img src="docs/img/flix1.1.jpg" width=500 alt="Flix quadcopter"></td>
<td><img src="docs/img/flix1.jpg" width=500 alt="Flix quadcopter"></td>
<td><img src="docs/img/flix.jpg" width=500 alt="Flix quadcopter"></td>
</tr>
</table>
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
* MAVLink support.
* Control using mobile phone (with QGroundControl app).
* Completely 3D-printed frame.
* Textbook for students on writing a flight controller ([in development](https://quadcopter.dev)).
* *Textbook and videos for students on writing a flight controller¹.*
* *Position control and autonomous flights using external camera¹*.
* [Building and running instructions](docs/build.md).
@@ -40,10 +40,6 @@ Version 1 test flight: https://t.me/opensourcequadcopter/42.
<a href="https://t.me/opensourcequadcopter/42"><img width=500 src="docs/img/flight-video.jpg"></a>
See the [user builds gallery](docs/user.md).
<img src="docs/img/user/user.jpg" width=400>
## Simulation
The simulator is implemented using Gazebo and runs the original Arduino code:
@@ -58,18 +54,17 @@ See [instructions on running the simulation](docs/build.md).
|-|-|:-:|:-:|
|Microcontroller board|ESP32 Mini|<img src="docs/img/esp32.jpg" width=100>|1|
|IMU (and barometer²) board|GY91 (or other MPU9250/MPU6500 board), ICM20948³|<img src="docs/img/gy-91.jpg" width=90 align=center><img src="docs/img/icm-20948.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Motor|8520 3.7V brushed motor (shaft 0.8mm).<br>Motor with exact 3.7V voltage is needed, not ranged working voltage (3.7V — 6V).|<img src="docs/img/motor.jpeg" width=100>|4|
|Motor|8520 3.7V brushed motor (**shaft 0.8mm!**)|<img src="docs/img/motor.jpeg" width=100>|4|
|Propeller|Hubsan 55 mm|<img src="docs/img/prop.jpg" width=100>|4|
|MOSFET (transistor)|100N03A or [analog](https://t.me/opensourcequadcopter/33)|<img src="docs/img/100n03a.jpg" width=100>|4|
|Pull-down resistor|10 kΩ|<img src="docs/img/resistor10k.jpg" width=100>|4|
|3.7V Li-Po battery|LW 952540 (or any compatible by the size)|<img src="docs/img/battery.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Battery connector cable|MX2.0 2P female|<img src="docs/img/mx.png" width=100>|1|
|Li-Po Battery charger|Any|<img src="docs/img/charger.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Screws for IMU board mounting|M3x5|<img src="docs/img/screw-m3.jpg" width=100>|2|
|Screws for frame assembly|M1.4x5|<img src="docs/img/screw-m1.4.jpg" height=30 align=center>|4|
|Frame bottom part|3D printed⁴:<br>[`flix-frame-1.1.stl`](docs/assets/flix-frame-1.1.stl) [`flix-frame-1.1.step`](docs/assets/flix-frame-1.1.step)|<img src="docs/img/frame1.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Frame bottom part|3D printed⁴:<br>[`flix-frame.stl`](docs/assets/flix-frame.stl) [`flix-frame.step`](docs/assets/flix-frame.step)|<img src="docs/img/frame1.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Frame top part|3D printed:<br>[`esp32-holder.stl`](docs/assets/esp32-holder.stl) [`esp32-holder.step`](docs/assets/esp32-holder.step)|<img src="docs/img/esp32-holder.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Washer for IMU board mounting|3D printed:<br>[`washer-m3.stl`](docs/assets/washer-m3.stl) [`washer-m3.step`](docs/assets/washer-m3.step)|<img src="docs/img/washer-m3.jpg" width=100>|2|
|Washer for IMU board mounting|3D printed:<br>[`washer-m3.stl`](docs/assets/washer-m3.stl) [`washer-m3.step`](docs/assets/washer-m3.step)|<img src="docs/img/washer-m3.jpg" width=100>|1|
|*RC transmitter (optional)*|*KINGKONG TINY X8 or other⁵*|<img src="docs/img/tx.jpg" width=100>|1|
|*RC receiver (optional)*|*DF500 or other⁵*|<img src="docs/img/rx.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Wires|28 AWG recommended|<img src="docs/img/wire-28awg.jpg" width=100>||
@@ -100,9 +95,7 @@ Motor connection scheme:
<img src="docs/img/mosfet-connection.png" height=400 alt="MOSFET connection scheme">
You can see a user-contributed [variant of complete circuit diagram](https://miro.com/app/board/uXjVN-dTjoo=/?moveToWidget=3458764612338222067&cot=14) of the drone.
See [assembly guide](docs/assembly.md) for instructions on assembling the drone.
Complete diagram is Work-in-Progress.
### Notes
@@ -123,10 +116,10 @@ See [assembly guide](docs/assembly.md) for instructions on assembling the drone.
|Motor|Position|Direction|Wires|GPIO|
|-|-|-|-|-|
|Motor 0|Rear left|Counter-clockwise|Black & White|GPIO12 (*TDI*)|
|Motor 1|Rear right|Clockwise|Blue & Red|GPIO13 (*TCK*)|
|Motor 2|Front right|Counter-clockwise|Black & White|GPIO14 (*TMS*)|
|Motor 3|Front left|Clockwise|Blue & Red|GPIO15 (*TD0*)|
|Motor 0|Rear left|Counter-clockwise|Black & White|GPIO12|
|Motor 1|Rear right|Clockwise|Blue & Red|GPIO13|
|Motor 2|Front right|Counter-clockwise|Black & White|GPIO14|
|Motor 3|Front left|Clockwise|Blue & Red|GPIO15|
Counter-clockwise motors have black and white wires and clockwise motors have blue and red wires.
@@ -135,20 +128,20 @@ See [assembly guide](docs/assembly.md) for instructions on assembling the drone.
|Receiver pin|ESP32 pin|
|-|-|
|GND|GND|
|VIN|VCC (or 3.3V depending on the receiver)|
|Signal (TX)|GPIO4⁶|
|VIN|VC (or 3.3V depending on the receiver)|
|Signal|GPIO4⁶|
*⁶ — UART2 RX pin was [changed](https://docs.espressif.com/projects/arduino-esp32/en/latest/migration_guides/2.x_to_3.0.html#id14) to GPIO4 in Arduino ESP32 core 3.0.*
### IMU placement
Default IMU orientation in the code is **LFD** (Left-Forward-Down):
Required IMU orientation on the drone is **FLU** (Forward, Left, Up)⁷:
<img src="docs/img/gy91-lfd.svg" width=400 alt="GY-91 axes">
<img src="docs/img/flu.svg" width=400 alt="GY-91 axis">
In case of using other IMU orientation, modify the `rotateIMU` function in the `imu.ino` file.
In case of using **FRD** orientation (Forward, Right, Down), use [the code for rotation](https://gist.github.com/okalachev/713db47e31bce643dbbc9539d166ce98).
See [FlixPeriph documentation](https://github.com/okalachev/flixperiph?tab=readme-ov-file#imu-axes-orientation) to learn axis orientation of other IMU boards.
*⁷ — This X/Y/Z IMU axis orientation is used in the Flix IMU library, internal accel/gyro/mag axes differ.*
## Version 0

View File

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
build:
mdbook build
serve:
mdbook serve
clean:
mdbook clean
.PHONY: build serve clean

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@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
# https://rust-lang.github.io/mdBook/format/configuration/preprocessors.html
# https://rust-lang.github.io/mdBook/for_developers/preprocessors.html
import json
import sys
import re
def transform_markdown_to_html(markdown_text):
def replace_blockquote(match):
tag = match.group(1).lower()
content = match.group(2).strip().replace('\n> ', ' ')
return f'<div class="alert alert-{tag}">{content}</div>\n'
pattern = re.compile(r'> \[!(NOTE|TIP|IMPORTANT|WARNING|CAUTION)\]\n>(.*?)\n?(?=(\n[^>]|\Z))', re.DOTALL)
transformed_text = pattern.sub(replace_blockquote, markdown_text)
return transformed_text
if __name__ == '__main__':
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
if sys.argv[1] == 'supports':
sys.exit(0)
context, book = json.load(sys.stdin)
for section in book['sections']:
if 'Chapter' in section:
section['Chapter']['content'] = transform_markdown_to_html(section['Chapter']['content'])
print(json.dumps(book))

View File

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
# Brief assembly guide
Soldered components ([schematics variant](https://miro.com/app/board/uXjVN-dTjoo=/?moveToWidget=3458764612338222067&cot=14)):
<img src="img/assembly/1.jpg" width=600>
<br>Use double-sided tape to attach ESP32 to the top frame part (ESP32 holder):
<img src="img/assembly/2.jpg" width=600>
<br>Use two washers to screw the IMU board to the frame:
<img src="img/assembly/3.jpg" width=600>
<br>Screw the IMU with M3x5 screws as shown:
<img src="img/assembly/4.jpg" width=600>
<br>Install the motors, attach MOSFETs to the frame using tape:
<img src="img/assembly/5.jpg" width=600>
<br>Screw the ESP32 holder with M1.4x5 screws to the frame:
<img src="img/assembly/6.jpg" width=600>
<br>Assembled drone:
<img src="img/assembly/7.jpg" width=600>

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@@ -1,110 +0,0 @@
.sidebar-resize-handle { display: none !important; }
footer {
contain: content;
border-top: 3px solid #f4f4f4;
}
footer a.telegram, footer a.github {
display: block;
margin-bottom: 10px;
margin-top: 10px;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
text-decoration: none;
}
.content .github, .content .telegram {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
text-align: center;
justify-content: center;
}
.telegram::before, .github::before {
font-family: FontAwesome;
margin-right: 0.3em;
font-size: 1.6em;
color: black;
}
.github::before {
content: "\f09b";
}
.telegram::before {
font-size: 1.4em;
color: #0084c5;
content: "\f2c6";
}
.content hr {
border: none;
border-top: 2px solid #c9c9c9;
margin: 2em 0;
}
.content img {
display: block;
margin: 0 auto;
}
.content img.border {
border: 1px solid #c9c9c9;
}
.firmware {
position: relative;
margin: 20px 0;
padding: 20px 20px;
padding-left: 60px;
color: var(--fg);
background-color: var(--quote-bg);
border-block-start: .1em solid var(--quote-border);
border-block-end: .1em solid var(--quote-border);
}
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font-family: FontAwesome;
font-size: 1.5em;
content: "\f15b";
position: absolute;
width: 20px;
text-align: center;
left: 20px;
}
.alert {
margin-top: 20px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
position: relative;
border-left: 2px solid #0a69da;
padding: 20px;
padding-left: 60px;
}
.alert::before {
font-family: FontAwesome;
font-size: 1.5em;
color: #0a69da;
content: "\f05a";
position: absolute;
width: 20px;
text-align: center;
left: 20px;
}
.alert-tip { border-left-color: #1b7f37; }
.alert-tip::before { color: #1b7f37; content: '\f0eb'; }
.alert-caution { border-left-color: #cf212e; }
.alert-caution::before { color: #cf212e; content: '\f071'; }
.alert-important { border-left-color: #8250df; }
.alert-important::before { color: #8250df; content: '\f06a'; }
.alert-warning { border-left-color: #f0ad4e; }
.alert-warning::before { color: #f0ad4e; content: '\f071'; }
.alert-code { border-left-color: #333; }
.alert-code::before { color: #333; content: '\f121'; }

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@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
[book]
authors = ["Oleg Kalachev"]
language = "ru"
multilingual = false
src = "book"
title = "Полетный контроллер с нуля"
description = "Учебник по разработке полетного контроллера квадрокоптера"
[build]
build-dir = "build"
[output.html]
additional-css = ["book.css", "zoom.css"]
additional-js = ["zoom.js", "js.js"]
edit-url-template = "https://github.com/okalachev/flix/blob/master/docs/{path}?plain=1"
mathjax-support = true
[output.html.code.hidelines]
cpp = "//~"
[preprocessor.alerts]
command = "python3 alerts.py"

View File

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
# Flix
> [!IMPORTANT]
> Flix — это проект по созданию открытого квадрокоптера на базе ESP32 с нуля и учебника по разработке полетных контроллеров.
<img src="img/flix1.1.jpg" class="border" width=500 alt="Flix quadcopter">
<p class="github">GitHub:&nbsp;<a href="https://github.com/okalachev/flix">github.com/okalachev/flix</a>.</p>
<p class="telegram">Telegram-канал:&nbsp;<a href="https://t.me/opensourcequadcopter">@opensourcequadcopter</a>.</p>

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@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
<!-- markdownlint-disable MD041 -->
<!-- markdownlint-disable MD042 -->
[Главная](./README.md)
* [Архитектура прошивки](firmware.md)
# Учебник
* [Основы]()
* [Светодиод]()
* [Моторы]()
* [Радиоуправление]()
* [Гироскоп](gyro.md)
* [Акселерометр]()
* [Оценка состояния]()
* [PID-регулятор]()
* [Режим ACRO]()
* [Режим STAB]()
* [Wi-Fi]()
* [MAVLink]()
* [Симуляция]()

View File

@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
# Архитектура прошивки
<img src="img/dataflow.svg" width=800 alt="Firmware dataflow diagram">
Главный цикл работает на частоте 1000 Гц. Передача данных между подсистемами происходит через глобальные переменные:
* `t` *(float)* — текущее время шага, *с*.
* `dt` *(float)* — дельта времени между текущим и предыдущим шагами, *с*.
* `gyro` *(Vector)* — данные с гироскопа, *рад/с*.
* `acc` *(Vector)* — данные с акселерометра, *м/с<sup>2</sup>*.
* `rates` *(Vector)* — отфильтрованные угловые скорости, *рад/с*.
* `attitude` *(Quaternion)* — оценка ориентации (положения) дрона.
* `controls` *(float[])* — пользовательские управляющие сигналы с пульта, нормализованные в диапазоне [-1, 1].
* `motors` *(float[])* — выходные сигналы на моторы, нормализованные в диапазоне [-1, 1] (возможно вращение в обратную сторону).
## Исходные файлы
Исходные файлы прошивки находятся в директории `flix`. Ключевые файлы:
* [`flix.ino`](https://github.com/okalachev/flix/blob/canonical/flix/flix.ino) — основной входной файл, скетч Arduino. Включает определение глобальных переменных и главный цикл.
* [`imu.ino`](https://github.com/okalachev/flix/blob/canonical/flix/imu.ino) — чтение данных с датчика IMU (гироскоп и акселерометр), калибровка IMU.
* [`rc.ino`](https://github.com/okalachev/flix/blob/canonical/flix/rc.ino) — чтение данных с RC-приемника, калибровка RC.
* [`mavlink.ino`](https://github.com/okalachev/flix/blob/canonical/flix/mavlink.ino) — взаимодействие с QGroundControl через MAVLink.
* [`estimate.ino`](https://github.com/okalachev/flix/blob/canonical/flix/estimate.ino) — оценка ориентации дрона, комплементарный фильтр.
* [`control.ino`](https://github.com/okalachev/flix/blob/canonical/flix/control.ino) — управление ориентацией и угловыми скоростями дрона, трехмерный двухуровневый каскадный PID-регулятор.
* [`motors.ino`](https://github.com/okalachev/flix/blob/canonical/flix/motors.ino) — управление выходными сигналами на моторы через ШИМ.
Вспомогательные файлы включают:
* [`vector.h`](https://github.com/okalachev/flix/blob/canonical/flix/vector.h), [`quaternion.h`](https://github.com/okalachev/flix/blob/canonical/flix/quaternion.h) — реализация библиотек векторов и кватернионов проекта.
* [`pid.h`](https://github.com/okalachev/flix/blob/canonical/flix/pid.h) — реализация общего ПИД-регулятора.
* [`lpf.h`](https://github.com/okalachev/flix/blob/canonical/flix/lpf.h) — реализация общего фильтра нижних частот.

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@@ -1,262 +0,0 @@
# Гироскоп
<div class="firmware">
<strong>Файл прошивки Flix:</strong>
<a href="https://github.com/okalachev/flix/blob/canonical/flix/imu.ino"><code>imu.ino</code></a> <small>(каноничная версия)</small>.<br>
Текущая версия: <a href="https://github.com/okalachev/flix/blob/master/flix/imu.ino"><code>imu.ino</code></a>.
</div>
Поддержание стабильного полета квадрокоптера невозможно без датчиков обратной связи. Важнейший из них — это **MEMS-гироскоп**. MEMS-гироскоп это микроэлектромеханический аналог классического механического гироскопа.
Механический гироскоп состоит из вращающегося диска, который сохраняет свою ориентацию в пространстве. Благодаря этому эффекту возможно определить ориентацию объекта в пространстве.
В MEMS-гироскопе нет вращающихся частей, и он помещается в крошечную микросхему. Он может измерять только текущую угловую скорость вращения объекта вокруг трех осей: X, Y и Z.
|Механический гироскоп|MEMS-гироскоп|
|-|-|
|<img src="img/gyroscope.jpg" width="300" alt="Механический гироскоп">|<img src="img/mpu9250.jpg" width="100" alt="MEMS-гироскоп MPU-9250">|
MEMS-гироскоп обычно интегрирован в инерциальный модуль (IMU), в котором также находятся акселерометр и магнитометр. Модуль IMU часто называют 9-осевым датчиком, потому что он измеряет:
* Угловую скорость вращения по трем осям (гироскоп).
* Ускорение по трем осям (акселерометр).
* Магнитное поле по трем осям (магнитометр).
Flix поддерживает следующие модели IMU:
* InvenSense MPU-9250.
* InvenSense MPU-6500.
* InvenSense ICM-20948.
> [!NOTE]
> MEMS-гироскоп измеряет угловую скорость вращения объекта.
## Интерфейс подключения
Большинство модулей IMU подключаются к микроконтроллеру через интерфейсы I²C и SPI. Оба этих интерфейса являются *шинами данных*, то есть позволяют подключить к одному микроконтроллеру несколько устройств.
**Интерфейс I²C** использует два провода для передачи данных и тактового сигнала. Выбор устройства для коммуникации происходит при помощи передачи адреса устройства на шину. Разные устройства имеют разные адреса, и микроконтроллер может последовательно общаться с несколькими устройствами.
**Интерфейс SPI** использует два провода для передачи данных, еще один для тактового сигнала и еще один для выбора устройства. При этом для каждого устройства на шине выделяется отдельный GPIO-пин для выбора. В разных реализациях этот пин называется CS/NCS (Chip Select) или SS (Slave Select). Когда CS-пин устройства активен (напряжение на нем низкое), устройство выбрано для общения.
В полетных контроллерах IMU обычно подключают через SPI, потому что он обеспечивает значительно бо́льшую скорость передачи данных и меньшую задержку. Подключение IMU через интерфейс I²C (например, в случае нехватки пинов микроконтроллера) возможно, но не рекомендуется.
Подключение IMU к микроконтроллеру ESP32 через интерфейс SPI выглядит так:
|Пин платы IMU|Пин ESP32|
|-|-|
|VCC/3V3|3V3|
|GND|GND|
|SCL|IO18|
|SDA *(MOSI)*|IO23|
|SAO/AD0 *(MISO)*|IO19|
|NCS|IO5|
Кроме того, многие IMU могут «будить» микроконтроллер при наличии новых данных. Для этого используется пин INT, который подключается к любому GPIO-пину микроконтроллера. При такой конфигурации можно использовать прерывания для обработки новых данных с IMU, вместо периодического опроса датчика. Это позволяет снизить нагрузку на микроконтроллер в сложных алгоритмах управления.
> [!WARNING]
> На некоторых платах IMU, например, на ICM-20948, отсутствует стабилизатор напряжения, поэтому их нельзя подключать к пину VIN ESP32, который подает напряжение 5 В. Допустимо питание только от пина 3V3.
## Работа с гироскопом
Для взаимодействия с IMU, включая работу с гироскопом, в Flix используется библиотека *FlixPeriph*. Библиотека устанавливается через менеджер библиотек Arduino IDE:
<img src="img/flixperiph.png" width="300">
Чтобы работать с IMU, используется класс, соответствующий модели IMU: `MPU9250`, `MPU6500` или `ICM20948`. Классы для работы с разными IMU имеют единообразный интерфейс для основных операций, поэтому возможно легко переключаться между разными моделями IMU. Датчик MPU-6500 практически полностью совместим с MPU-9250, поэтому фактически класс `MPU9250` поддерживает обе модели.
## Ориентация осей гироскопа
Данные с гироскопа представляют собой угловую скорость вокруг трех осей: X, Y и Z. Ориентацию этих осей у IMU InvenSense можно легко определить по небольшой точке в углу чипа. Оси координат и направление вращения для измерений гироскопа обозначены на диаграмме:
<img src="img/imu-axes.svg" width="300" alt="Оси координат IMU">
Расположение осей координат в популярных платах IMU:
|GY-91|MPU-92/65|ICM-20948|
|-|-|-|
|<img src="https://github.com/okalachev/flixperiph/raw/refs/heads/master/img/gy91-axes.svg" width="200" alt="Оси координат платы GY-91">|<img src="https://github.com/okalachev/flixperiph/raw/refs/heads/master/img/mpu9265-axes.svg" width="200" alt="Оси координат платы MPU-9265">|<img src="https://github.com/okalachev/flixperiph/raw/refs/heads/master/img/icm20948-axes.svg" width="200" alt="Оси координат платы ICM-20948">|
Магнитометр IMU InvenSense обычно является отдельным устройством, интегрированным в чип, поэтому его оси координат могут отличаться. Библиотека FlixPeriph скрывает это различие и приводит данные с магнитометра к системе координат гироскопа и акселерометра.
## Чтение данных
Интерфейс библиотеки FlixPeriph соответствует стилю, принятому в Arduino. Для начала работы с IMU необходимо создать объект соответствующего класса и вызвать метод `begin()`. В конструктор класса передается интерфейс, по которому подключен IMU (SPI или I²C):
```cpp
#include <FlixPeriph.h>
#include <SPI.h>
MPU9250 IMU(SPI);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
bool success = IMU.begin();
if (!success) {
Serial.println("Failed to initialize IMU");
}
}
```
Для однократного считывания данных используется метод `read()`. Затем данные с гироскопа получаются при помощи метода `getGyro(x, y, z)`. Этот метод записывает в переменные `x`, `y` и `z` угловые скорости вокруг соответствующих осей в радианах в секунду.
Если нужно гарантировать, что будут считаны новые данные, можно использовать метод `waitForData()`. Этот метод блокирует выполнение программы до тех пор, пока в IMU не появятся новые данные. Метод `waitForData()` позволяет привязать частоту главного цикла `loop` к частоте обновления данных IMU. Это удобно для организации главного цикла управления квадрокоптером.
Программа для чтения данных с гироскопа и вывода их в консоль для построения графиков в Serial Plotter выглядит так:
```cpp
#include <FlixPeriph.h>
#include <SPI.h>
MPU9250 IMU(SPI);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
bool success = IMU.begin();
if (!success) {
Serial.println("Failed to initialize IMU");
}
}
void loop() {
IMU.waitForData();
float gx, gy, gz;
IMU.getGyro(gx, gy, gz);
Serial.printf("gx:%f gy:%f gz:%f\n", gx, gy, gz);
delay(50); // замедление вывода
}
```
После запуска программы в Serial Plotter можно увидеть графики угловых скоростей. Например, при вращениях IMU вокруг вертикальной оси Z графики будут выглядеть так:
<img src="img/gyro-plotter.png">
## Конфигурация гироскопа
В коде Flix настройка IMU происходит в функции `configureIMU`. В этой функции настраиваются три основных параметра гироскопа: диапазон измерений, частота сэмплов и частота LPF-фильтра.
### Частота сэмплов
Большинство IMU могут обновлять данные с разной частотой. В полетных контроллерах обычно используется частота обновления от 500 Гц до 8 кГц. Чем выше частота сэмплов, тем выше точность управления полетом, но и больше нагрузка на микроконтроллер.
Частота сэмплов устанавливается методом `setSampleRate()`. В Flix используется частота 1 кГц:
```cpp
IMU.setRate(IMU.RATE_1KHZ_APPROX);
```
Поскольку не все поддерживаемые IMU могут работать строго на частоте 1 кГц, в библиотеке FlixPeriph существует возможность приближенной настройки частоты сэмплов. Например, у IMU ICM-20948 при такой настройке реальная частота сэмплирования будет равна 1125 Гц.
Другие доступные для установки в библиотеке FlixPeriph частоты сэмплирования:
* `RATE_MIN` — минимальная частота сэмплов для конкретного IMU.
* `RATE_50HZ_APPROX` — значение, близкое к 50 Гц.
* `RATE_1KHZ_APPROX`  — значение, близкое к 1 кГц.
* `RATE_8KHZ_APPROX` — значение, близкое к 8 кГц.
* `RATE_MAX` — максимальная частота сэмплов для конкретного IMU.
#### Диапазон измерений
Большинство MEMS-гироскопов поддерживают несколько диапазонов измерений угловой скорости. Главное преимущество выбора меньшего диапазона — бо́льшая чувствительность. В полетных контроллерах обычно выбирается максимальный диапазон измерений от 2000 до 2000 градусов в секунду, чтобы обеспечить возможность динамичных маневров.
В библиотеке FlixPeriph диапазон измерений гироскопа устанавливается методом `setGyroRange()`:
```cpp
IMU.setGyroRange(IMU.GYRO_RANGE_2000DPS);
```
### LPF-фильтр
IMU InvenSense могут фильтровать измерения на аппаратном уровне при помощи фильтра нижних частот (LPF). Flix реализует собственный фильтр для гироскопа, чтобы иметь больше гибкости при поддержке разных IMU. Поэтому для встроенного LPF устанавливается максимальная частота среза:
```cpp
IMU.setDLPF(IMU.DLPF_MAX);
```
## Калибровка гироскопа
Как и любое измерительное устройство, гироскоп вносит искажения в измерения. Наиболее простая модель этих искажений делит их на статические смещения (*bias*) и случайный шум (*noise*):
\\[ gyro_{xyz}=rates_{xyz}+bias_{xyz}+noise \\]
Для качественной работы подсистемы оценки ориентации и управления дроном необходимо оценить *bias* гироскопа и учесть его в вычислениях. Для этого при запуске программы производится калибровка гироскопа, которая реализована в функции `calibrateGyro()`. Эта функция считывает данные с гироскопа в состоянии покоя 1000 раз и усредняет их. Полученные значения считаются *bias* гироскопа и в дальнейшем вычитаются из измерений.
Программа для вывода данных с гироскопа с калибровкой:
```cpp
#include <FlixPeriph.h>
#include <SPI.h>
MPU9250 IMU(SPI);
float gyroBiasX, gyroBiasY, gyroBiasZ; // bias гироскопа
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
bool success = IMU.begin();
if (!success) {
Serial.println("Failed to initialize IMU");
}
calibrateGyro();
}
void loop() {
float gx, gy, gz;
IMU.waitForData();
IMU.getGyro(gx, gy, gz);
// Устранение bias гироскопа
gx -= gyroBiasX;
gy -= gyroBiasY;
gz -= gyroBiasZ;
Serial.printf("gx:%f gy:%f gz:%f\n", gx, gy, gz);
delay(50); // замедление вывода
}
void calibrateGyro() {
const int samples = 1000;
Serial.println("Calibrating gyro, stand still");
gyroBiasX = 0;
gyroBiasY = 0;
gyroBiasZ = 0;
// Получение 1000 измерений гироскопа
for (int i = 0; i < samples; i++) {
IMU.waitForData();
float gx, gy, gz;
IMU.getGyro(gx, gy, gz);
gyroBiasX += gx;
gyroBiasY += gy;
gyroBiasZ += gz;
}
// Усреднение значений
gyroBiasX = gyroBiasX / samples;
gyroBiasY = gyroBiasY / samples;
gyroBiasZ = gyroBiasZ / samples;
Serial.printf("Gyro bias X: %f\n", gyroBiasX);
Serial.printf("Gyro bias Y: %f\n", gyroBiasY);
Serial.printf("Gyro bias Z: %f\n", gyroBiasZ);
}
```
График данных с гироскопа в состоянии покоя без калибровки. Можно увидеть статическую ошибку каждой из осей:
<img src="img/gyro-uncalibrated-plotter.png">
График данных с гироскопа в состоянии покоя после калибровки:
<img src="img/gyro-calibrated-plotter.png">
Откалиброванные данные с гироскопа вместе с данными с акселерометра поступают в *подсистему оценки состояния*.
## Дополнительные материалы
* [MPU-9250 datasheet](https://invensense.tdk.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/PS-MPU-9250A-01-v1.1.pdf).
* [MPU-6500 datasheet](https://invensense.tdk.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/PS-MPU-6500A-01-v1.3.pdf).
* [ICM-20948 datasheet](https://invensense.tdk.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/DS-000189-ICM-20948-v1.3.pdf).

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../img

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@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ The latest version of Ubuntu supported by Gazebo 11 simulator is 20.04. If you h
#### Control with smartphone
1. Install [QGroundControl mobile app](https://docs.qgroundcontrol.com/master/en/qgc-user-guide/getting_started/download_and_install.html#android) on your smartphone. For **iOS**, use [QGroundControl build from TAJISOFT](https://apps.apple.com/ru/app/qgc-from-tajisoft/id1618653051).
1. Install [QGroundControl mobile app](https://docs.qgroundcontrol.com/master/en/qgc-user-guide/getting_started/download_and_install.html#android) on your smartphone.
2. Connect your smartphone to the same Wi-Fi network as the machine running the simulator.
3. If you're using a virtual machine, make sure that its network is set to the **bridged** mode with Wi-Fi adapter selected.
4. Run the simulation.
@@ -96,35 +96,27 @@ The latest version of Ubuntu supported by Gazebo 11 simulator is 20.04. If you h
1. Connect your USB remote control to the machine running the simulator.
2. Run the simulation.
3. Calibrate the RC using `cr` command in the command line interface.
4. Run the simulation again.
5. Use the USB remote control to fly the drone!
3. Calibrate the RC using `cr` command in the command line interface and stop the simulation.
4. Copy the calibration results to the source code (`gazebo/joystick.h`).
5. Run the simulation again.
6. Use the USB remote control to fly the drone!
## Firmware
### Arduino IDE (Windows, Linux, macOS)
1. Install [Arduino IDE](https://www.arduino.cc/en/software) (version 2 is recommended).
2. Windows users might need to install [USB to UART bridge driver from Silicon Labs](https://www.silabs.com/developers/usb-to-uart-bridge-vcp-drivers).
3. Install ESP32 core, version 3.1.0 (version 2.x is not supported). See the [official Espressif's instructions](https://docs.espressif.com/projects/arduino-esp32/en/latest/installing.html#installing-using-arduino-ide) on installing ESP32 Core in Arduino IDE.
4. Install the following libraries using [Library Manager](https://docs.arduino.cc/software/ide-v2/tutorials/ide-v2-installing-a-library):
2. Install ESP32 core, version 3.0.7 (version 2.x is not supported). See the [official Espressif's instructions](https://docs.espressif.com/projects/arduino-esp32/en/latest/installing.html#installing-using-arduino-ide) on installing ESP32 Core in Arduino IDE.
3. Install the following libraries using [Library Manager](https://docs.arduino.cc/software/ide-v2/tutorials/ide-v2-installing-a-library):
* `FlixPeriph`, the latest version.
* `MAVLink`, version 2.0.12.
5. Clone the project using git or [download the source code as a ZIP archive](https://codeload.github.com/okalachev/flix/zip/refs/heads/master).
6. Open the downloaded Arduino sketch `flix/flix.ino` in Arduino IDE.
7. Connect your ESP32 board to the computer and choose correct board type in Arduino IDE (*WEMOS D1 MINI ESP32* for ESP32 Mini) and the port.
8. [Build and upload](https://docs.arduino.cc/software/ide-v2/tutorials/getting-started/ide-v2-uploading-a-sketch) the firmware using Arduino IDE.
4. Clone the project using git or [download the source code as a ZIP archive](https://codeload.github.com/okalachev/flix/zip/refs/heads/master).
5. Open the downloaded Arduino sketch `flix/flix.ino` in Arduino IDE.
6. [Build and upload](https://docs.arduino.cc/software/ide-v2/tutorials/getting-started/ide-v2-uploading-a-sketch) the firmware using Arduino IDE.
### Command line (Windows, Linux, macOS)
1. [Install Arduino CLI](https://arduino.github.io/arduino-cli/installation/).
On Linux, use:
```bash
curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/arduino/arduino-cli/master/install.sh | BINDIR=~/.local/bin sh
```
2. Windows users might need to install [USB to UART bridge driver from Silicon Labs](https://www.silabs.com/developers/usb-to-uart-bridge-vcp-drivers).
3. Compile the firmware using `make`. Arduino dependencies will be installed automatically:
@@ -146,15 +138,13 @@ The latest version of Ubuntu supported by Gazebo 11 simulator is 20.04. If you h
See other available Make commands in the [Makefile](../Makefile).
> [!TIP]
> You can test the firmware on a bare ESP32 board without connecting IMU and other peripherals. The Wi-Fi network `flix` should appear and all the basic functionality including CLI and QGroundControl connection should work.
### Setup and flight
Before flight you need to calibrate the accelerometer:
1. Open Serial Monitor in Arduino IDE (or use `make monitor` command in the command line).
2. Type `ca` command there and follow the instructions.
1. Open Serial Monitor in Arduino IDE (use use `make monitor` command in the command line).
2. Type `ca` command there.
3. Copy calibration results to the source code (`flix/imu.ino`).
#### Control with smartphone
@@ -169,33 +159,11 @@ Before flight you need to calibrate the accelerometer:
Before flight using remote control, you need to calibrate it:
1. Open Serial Monitor in Arduino IDE (or use `make monitor` command in the command line).
2. Type `cr` command there and follow the instructions.
3. Use the remote control to fly the drone!
1. Open Serial Monitor in Arduino IDE (use use `make monitor` command in the command line).
2. Type `cr` command there.
3. Copy calibration results to the source code (`flix/rc.ino`).
#### Control with USB remote control
If your drone doesn't have RC receiver installed, you can use USB remote control and QGroundControl app to fly it.
1. Install [QGroundControl](https://docs.qgroundcontrol.com/master/en/qgc-user-guide/getting_started/download_and_install.html) app on your computer.
2. Connect your USB remote control to the computer.
3. Power up the drone.
4. Connect your computer to the appeared `flix` Wi-Fi network.
5. Launch QGroundControl app. It should connect and begin showing the drone's telemetry automatically.
6. Go the the QGroundControl menu ⇒ *Vehicle Setup**Joystick*. Calibrate you USB remote control there.
7. Use the USB remote control to fly the drone!
#### Adjusting parameters
You can adjust some of the drone's parameters (include PID coefficients) in QGroundControl app. In order to do that, go to the QGroundControl menu ⇒ *Vehicle Setup**Parameters*.
<img src="img/parameters.png" width="400">
#### CLI access
In addition to accessing the drone's command line interface (CLI) using the serial port, you can also access it with QGroundControl using Wi-Fi connection. To do that, go to the QGroundControl menu ⇒ *Vehicle Setup**Analyze Tools**MAVLink Console*.
<img src="img/cli.png" width="400">
Then you can use your remote control to fly the drone!
> [!NOTE]
> If something goes wrong, go to the [Troubleshooting](troubleshooting.md) article.

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The main loop is running at 1000 Hz. All the dataflow is happening through global variables (for simplicity):
* `t` *(double)* current step time, *s*.
* `t` *(float)* current step time, *s*.
* `dt` *(float)* — time delta between the current and previous steps, *s*.
* `gyro` *(Vector)* — data from the gyroscope, *rad/s*.
* `acc` *(Vector)* — acceleration data from the accelerometer, *m/s<sup>2</sup>*.

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336
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<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html lang="{{ language }}" class="{{ default_theme }} sidebar-visible" dir="{{ text_direction }}">
<head>
<!-- Book generated using mdBook -->
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>{{ title }}</title>
{{#if is_print }}
<meta name="robots" content="noindex">
{{/if}}
{{#if base_url}}
<base href="{{ base_url }}">
{{/if}}
<!-- Custom HTML head -->
{{> head}}
<meta name="description" content="{{ description }}">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff">
{{#if favicon_svg}}
<link rel="icon" href="{{ path_to_root }}favicon.svg">
{{/if}}
{{#if favicon_png}}
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="{{ path_to_root }}favicon.png">
{{/if}}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ path_to_root }}css/variables.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ path_to_root }}css/general.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ path_to_root }}css/chrome.css">
{{#if print_enable}}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ path_to_root }}css/print.css" media="print">
{{/if}}
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ path_to_root }}FontAwesome/css/font-awesome.css">
{{#if copy_fonts}}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ path_to_root }}fonts/fonts.css">
{{/if}}
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ path_to_root }}highlight.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ path_to_root }}tomorrow-night.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ path_to_root }}ayu-highlight.css">
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{{#each additional_css}}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ ../path_to_root }}{{ this }}">
{{/each}}
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<script async src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.1/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"></script>
{{/if}}
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<script>
var path_to_root = "{{ path_to_root }}";
var default_theme = window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches ? "{{ preferred_dark_theme }}" : "{{ default_theme }}";
</script>
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</head>
<body>
<div id="body-container">
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<script>
try {
var theme = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-theme');
var sidebar = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-sidebar');
if (theme.startsWith('"') && theme.endsWith('"')) {
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}
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}
} catch (e) { }
</script>
<!-- Set the theme before any content is loaded, prevents flash -->
<script>
var theme;
try { theme = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-theme'); } catch(e) { }
if (theme === null || theme === undefined) { theme = default_theme; }
const html = document.documentElement;
html.classList.remove('{{ default_theme }}')
html.classList.add(theme);
html.classList.add("js");
</script>
<input type="checkbox" id="sidebar-toggle-anchor" class="hidden">
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<script>
var sidebar = null;
var sidebar_toggle = document.getElementById("sidebar-toggle-anchor");
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sidebar = sidebar || 'visible';
} else {
sidebar = 'hidden';
}
sidebar_toggle.checked = sidebar === 'visible';
html.classList.remove('sidebar-visible');
html.classList.add("sidebar-" + sidebar);
</script>
<nav id="sidebar" class="sidebar" aria-label="Table of contents">
<!-- populated by js -->
<mdbook-sidebar-scrollbox class="sidebar-scrollbox">
<footer>
<a href="https://github.com/okalachev/flix" class="github">GitHub</a>
<a href="https://t.me/opensourcequadcopter" class="telegram">Telegram-канал</a>
💰 Поддержать проект:
<iframe style="margin-top: 0.4em;" src="https://yoomoney.ru/quickpay/fundraise/button?billNumber=16U9OH2S4IT.241205&" width="330" height="50" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="true" scrolling="no"></iframe>
&copy; 2024 Олег Калачев
</footer>
</mdbook-sidebar-scrollbox>
<noscript>
<iframe class="sidebar-iframe-outer" src="{{ path_to_root }}toc.html"></iframe>
</noscript>
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</div>
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<div id="menu-bar-hover-placeholder"></div>
<div id="menu-bar" class="menu-bar sticky">
<div class="left-buttons">
<label id="sidebar-toggle" class="icon-button" for="sidebar-toggle-anchor" title="Toggle Table of Contents" aria-label="Toggle Table of Contents" aria-controls="sidebar">
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<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="rust">Rust</button></li>
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="coal">Coal</button></li>
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="navy">Navy</button></li>
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="ayu">Ayu</button></li>
</ul>
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<button id="search-toggle" class="icon-button" type="button" title="Search. (Shortkey: s)" aria-label="Toggle Searchbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-keyshortcuts="S" aria-controls="searchbar">
<i class="fa fa-search"></i>
</button>
{{/if}}
</div>
<h1 class="menu-title">{{ book_title }}</h1>
<div class="right-buttons">
{{#if print_enable}}
<a href="{{ path_to_root }}print.html" title="Print this book" aria-label="Print this book">
<i id="print-button" class="fa fa-print"></i>
</a>
{{/if}}
{{#if git_repository_url}}
<a href="{{git_repository_url}}" title="Git repository" aria-label="Git repository">
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</a>
{{/if}}
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</a>
{{/if}}
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</div>
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<div id="searchresults-outer" class="searchresults-outer hidden">
<div id="searchresults-header" class="searchresults-header"></div>
<ul id="searchresults">
</ul>
</div>
</div>
{{/if}}
<!-- Apply ARIA attributes after the sidebar and the sidebar toggle button are added to the DOM -->
<script>
document.getElementById('sidebar-toggle').setAttribute('aria-expanded', sidebar === 'visible');
document.getElementById('sidebar').setAttribute('aria-hidden', sidebar !== 'visible');
Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('#sidebar a')).forEach(function(link) {
link.setAttribute('tabIndex', sidebar === 'visible' ? 0 : -1);
});
</script>
<div id="content" class="content">
<main>
{{{ content }}}
</main>
<nav class="nav-wrapper" aria-label="Page navigation">
<!-- Mobile navigation buttons -->
{{#previous}}
<a rel="prev" href="{{ path_to_root }}{{link}}" class="mobile-nav-chapters previous" title="Previous chapter" aria-label="Previous chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Left">
<i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i>
</a>
{{/previous}}
{{#next}}
<a rel="next prefetch" href="{{ path_to_root }}{{link}}" class="mobile-nav-chapters next" title="Next chapter" aria-label="Next chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Right">
<i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i>
</a>
{{/next}}
<div style="clear: both"></div>
</nav>
</div>
</div>
<nav class="nav-wide-wrapper" aria-label="Page navigation">
{{#previous}}
<a rel="prev" href="{{ path_to_root }}{{link}}" class="nav-chapters previous" title="Previous chapter" aria-label="Previous chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Left">
<i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i>
</a>
{{/previous}}
{{#next}}
<a rel="next prefetch" href="{{ path_to_root }}{{link}}" class="nav-chapters next" title="Next chapter" aria-label="Next chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Right">
<i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i>
</a>
{{/next}}
</nav>
</div>
{{#if live_reload_endpoint}}
<!-- Livereload script (if served using the cli tool) -->
<script>
const wsProtocol = location.protocol === 'https:' ? 'wss:' : 'ws:';
const wsAddress = wsProtocol + "//" + location.host + "/" + "{{{live_reload_endpoint}}}";
const socket = new WebSocket(wsAddress);
socket.onmessage = function (event) {
if (event.data === "reload") {
socket.close();
location.reload();
}
};
window.onbeforeunload = function() {
socket.close();
}
</script>
{{/if}}
{{#if google_analytics}}
<!-- Google Analytics Tag -->
<script>
var localAddrs = ["localhost", "127.0.0.1", ""];
// make sure we don't activate google analytics if the developer is
// inspecting the book locally...
if (localAddrs.indexOf(document.location.hostname) === -1) {
(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){
(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),
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})(window,document,'script','https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga');
ga('create', '{{google_analytics}}', 'auto');
ga('send', 'pageview');
}
</script>
{{/if}}
{{#if playground_line_numbers}}
<script>
window.playground_line_numbers = true;
</script>
{{/if}}
{{#if playground_copyable}}
<script>
window.playground_copyable = true;
</script>
{{/if}}
{{#if playground_js}}
<script src="{{ path_to_root }}ace.js"></script>
<script src="{{ path_to_root }}editor.js"></script>
<script src="{{ path_to_root }}mode-rust.js"></script>
<script src="{{ path_to_root }}theme-dawn.js"></script>
<script src="{{ path_to_root }}theme-tomorrow_night.js"></script>
{{/if}}
{{#if search_js}}
<script src="{{ path_to_root }}elasticlunr.min.js"></script>
<script src="{{ path_to_root }}mark.min.js"></script>
<script src="{{ path_to_root }}searcher.js"></script>
{{/if}}
<script src="{{ path_to_root }}clipboard.min.js"></script>
<script src="{{ path_to_root }}highlight.js"></script>
<script src="{{ path_to_root }}book.js"></script>
<!-- Custom JS scripts -->
{{#each additional_js}}
<script src="{{ ../path_to_root }}{{this}}"></script>
{{/each}}
{{#if is_print}}
{{#if mathjax_support}}
<script>
window.addEventListener('load', function() {
MathJax.Hub.Register.StartupHook('End', function() {
window.setTimeout(window.print, 100);
});
});
</script>
{{else}}
<script>
window.addEventListener('load', function() {
window.setTimeout(window.print, 100);
});
</script>
{{/if}}
{{/if}}
</div>
</body>
</html>

View File

@@ -14,23 +14,19 @@ Do the following:
* **Check the battery voltage**. Use a multimeter to measure the battery voltage. It should be in range of 3.7-4.2 V.
* **Check if there are some startup errors**. Connect the ESP32 to the computer and check the Serial Monitor output. Use the Reset button to make sure you see the whole ESP32 output.
* **Make sure correct IMU model is chosen**. If using ICM-20948 board, change `MPU9250` to `ICM20948` everywhere in the `imu.ino` file.
* **Check if the CLI is working**. Perform `help` command in Serial Monitor. You should see the list of available commands. You can also access the CLI using QGroundControl (*Vehicle Setup* ⇒ *Analyze Tools**MAVLink Console*).
* **Check if the CLI is working**. Perform `help` command in Serial Monitor. You should see the list of available commands.
* **Configure QGroundControl correctly before connecting to the drone** if you use it to control the drone. Go to the settings and enable *Virtual Joystick*. *Auto-Center Throttle* setting **should be disabled**.
* **Make sure you're not moving the drone several seconds after the power on**. The drone calibrates its gyroscope on the start so it should stay still for a while.
* **Check the IMU is working**. Perform `imu` command and check its output:
* The `status` field should be `OK`.
* The `rate` field should be about 1000 (Hz).
* The `accel` and `gyro` fields should change as you move the drone.
* **Calibrate the accelerometer.** if is wasn't done before. Type `ca` command in Serial Monitor and follow the instructions.
* **Check the IMU sample rate**. Perform `imu` command. The `rate` field should be about 1000 (Hz).
* **Check the IMU data**. Perform `imu` command, check raw accelerometer and gyro output. The output should change as you move the drone.
* **Calibrate the accelerometer.** if is wasn't done before. Perform `ca` command and put the results to `imu.ino` file.
* **Check the attitude estimation**. Connect to the drone using QGroundControl. Rotate the drone in different orientations and check if the attitude estimation shown in QGroundControl is correct.
* **Check the IMU orientation is set correctly**. If the attitude estimation is rotated, make sure `rotateIMU` function is defined correctly in `imu.ino` file.
* **Check the motors type**. Motors with exact 3.7V voltage are needed, not ranged working voltage (3.7V — 6V).
* **Check the motors**. Perform the following commands using Serial Monitor:
* `mfr` — should rotate front right motor (counter-clockwise).
* `mfl` — should rotate front left motor (clockwise).
* `mrl` — should rotate rear left motor (counter-clockwise).
* `mrr` — should rotate rear right motor (clockwise).
* **Calibrate the RC** if you use it. Type `cr` command in Serial Monitor and follow the instructions.
* **Calibrate the RC** if you use it. Perform `rc` command and put the results to `rc.ino` file.
* **Check the RC data** if you use it. Use `rc` command, `Control` should show correct values between -1 and 1, and between 0 and 1 for the throttle.
* **Check the IMU output using QGroundControl**. Connect to the drone using QGroundControl on your computer. Go to the *Analyze* tab, *MAVLINK Inspector*. Plot the data from the `SCALED_IMU` message. The gyroscope and accelerometer data should change according to the drone movement.
* **Check the gyroscope only attitude estimation**. Comment out `applyAcc();` line in `estimate.ino` and check if the attitude estimation in QGroundControl. It should be stable, but only drift very slowly.

View File

@@ -1,135 +0,0 @@
# Hall of fame
This page contains user-built drones based on the Flix project. Publish your projects into the official Telegram-chat: [@opensourcequadcopterchat](https://t.me/opensourcequadcopterchat) or send materials as a pull request.
---
Author: [@jeka_chex](https://t.me/jeka_chex).<br>
Features: custom frame, FPV camera, 3-blade 31 mm propellers.<br>
Motor drivers: AON7410 MOSFET + capacitors.<br>
Custom frame files: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1QCIc-_YYFxJN4cMhVLjL5SflqegvCowm?usp=share_link.<br>
**Flight video:**
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VnWI5YVPojfqsfpyLX4v2V9zHi9adwcd/view?usp=sharing"><img height=300 src="img/user/jeka_chex/video.jpg"></a>
**FPV flight video:**
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1RSU6VWs9omsge4hGloH5NQqnxvLyhMKB/view?usp=sharing"><img height=300 src="img/user/jeka_chex/video-fpv.jpg"></a>
<table>
<tr>
<td><img src="img/user/jeka_chex/1.jpg" height=150></td>
<td><img src="img/user/jeka_chex/2.jpg" height=150></td>
<td><img src="img/user/jeka_chex/3.jpg" height=150></td>
<td><img src="img/user/jeka_chex/4.jpg" height=150></td>
<td><img src="img/user/jeka_chex/5.jpg" height=150></td>
</tr>
</table>
---
Author: [@fisheyeu](https://t.me/fisheyeu).<br>
[Video](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1IT4eMmWPZpmaZR_qsIRmNJ52hYkFB_0q/view?usp=share_link).
<table>
<tr>
<td><img src="img/user/fisheyeu/1.jpg" height=300></td>
<td><img src="img/user/fisheyeu/2.jpg" height=300></td>
</tr>
</table>
---
Author: [@p_kabakov](https://t.me/p_kabakov).<br>
Custom propellers guard 3D-model: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1TKnzwvrZYzYuRTLLERNmnKH71H9n4Xj_/view?usp=share_link.<br>
Features: ESP32-C3 microcontroller is used.<br>
[Video](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1B0NMcsk0fgwUgNr9XuLOdR2yYCuaj008/view?usp=share_link).
<table>
<tr>
<td><img src="img/user/p_kabakov/1.jpg" width=150></td>
<td><img src="img/user/p_kabakov/2.jpg" width=150></td>
<td><img src="img/user/p_kabakov/3.jpg" width=150></td>
</tr>
</table>
**Custom Wi-Fi RC control:**
<a href="https://github.com/pavelkabakov/flix/blob/master/rc_control_v1/IMG_20250221_195756.jpg"><img height=300 src="img/user/p_kabakov/wifirc.jpg"></a>
See source and description (in Russian): https://github.com/pavelkabakov/flix/tree/master/rc_control_v1.
---
Author: [@yi_lun](https://t.me/yi_lun).<br>
[Video](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1TkSuvHQ_0qQPFUpY5XjJzmhnpX_07cTg/view?usp=share_link).
<table>
<tr>
<td><img src="img/user/yi_lun/1.jpg" width=300></td>
<td><img src="img/user/yi_lun/2.jpg" width=300></td>
</tr>
</table>
---
Author: [@peter_ukhov](https://t.me/peter_ukhov).<br>
Features: customized ESP32 holder, GY-ICM20948V2 IMU board, boost-converter for powering the ESP32.<br>
Files for 3D-printing: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Sma-FEzFBj2HA5ixJtUyH0uWixvr6vdK/view?usp=share_link.<br>
Schematics: https://miro.com/app/board/uXjVN-dTjoo=/?moveToWidget=3458764612179508274&cot=14.<br>
<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wi4w_hOmKcQ"><img width=500 src="img/user/peter_ukhov-2/video.jpg"></a>
<table>
<tr>
<td><img src="img/user/peter_ukhov-2/1.jpg" width=300></td>
<td><img src="img/user/peter_ukhov-2/2.jpg" width=300></td>
</tr>
</table>
---
Author: [@Alexey_Karakash](https://t.me/Alexey_Karakash).<br>
Files for 3D printing of the custom frame: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1tkNmujrHrKpTMVtsRH3mor2zdAM0JHum/view?usp=share_link.<br>
<a href="https://t.me/opensourcequadcopter/61"><img width=500 src="img/user/alexey_karakash/video.jpg"></a>
<table>
<tr>
<td><img src="img/user/alexey_karakash/1.jpg" height=150></td>
<td><img src="img/user/alexey_karakash/2.jpg" height=150></td>
<td><img src="img/user/alexey_karakash/3.jpg" height=150></td>
<td><img src="img/user/alexey_karakash/4.jpg" height=150></td>
<td><img src="img/user/alexey_karakash/5.jpg" height=150></td>
</tr>
</table>
---
Author: [@rudpa](https://t.me/rudpa).<br>
<a href="https://t.me/opensourcequadcopter/46"><img width=500 src="img/user/rudpa/video.jpg"></a>
<table>
<tr>
<td><img src="img/user/rudpa/1.jpg" height=150></td>
<td><img src="img/user/rudpa/2.jpg" height=150></td>
<td><img src="img/user/rudpa/3.jpg" height=150></td>
</tr>
</table>
---
Author: [@peter_ukhov](https://t.me/peter_ukhov).<br>
Schematics: https://miro.com/app/board/uXjVN-dTjoo=/?moveToWidget=3458764612338222067&cot=14.<br>
<a href="https://t.me/opensourcequadcopter/24"><img width=500 src="img/user/peter_ukhov/video.jpg"></a>
<table>
<tr>
<td><img src="img/user/peter_ukhov/1.jpg" height=150></td>
<td><img src="img/user/peter_ukhov/2.jpg" height=150></td>
<td><img src="img/user/peter_ukhov/3.jpg" height=150></td>
</tr>
</table>

View File

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Flix version 0 (obsolete):
|~~SBUS inverter~~*||<img src="img/inv.jpg" width=100>|~~1~~|
|Battery|3.7 Li-Po 850 MaH 60C|||
|Battery charger||<img src="img/charger.jpg" width=100>|1|
|Wires, connectors, tape, ...||||
|Wires, connectors, tape, ...|||
*\* — not needed as ESP32 supports [software pin inversion](https://github.com/bolderflight/sbus#inverted-serial).*
@@ -27,4 +27,4 @@ Flix version 0 (obsolete):
<img src="img/schematics.svg" width=800 alt="Flix schematics">
You can also check a user contributed [variant of complete circuit diagram](https://miro.com/app/board/uXjVN-dTjoo=/?moveToWidget=3458764574482511443&cot=14) of the drone.
You can also check a user contributed [variant of complete circuit diagram](https://miro.com/app/board/uXjVN-dTjoo=/) of the drone.

View File

@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
img[data-action="zoom"] {
cursor: zoom-in;
}
.zoom-img,
.zoom-img-wrap {
position: relative;
z-index: 666;
transition: all 300ms;
}
img.zoom-img {
cursor: zoom-out;
}
.zoom-overlay {
cursor: zoom-out;
z-index: 420;
background: #fff;
position: fixed;
top: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
bottom: 0;
filter: "alpha(opacity=0)";
opacity: 0;
transition: opacity 300ms;
}
.zoom-overlay-open .zoom-overlay {
filter: "alpha(opacity=100)";
opacity: 1;
}
/*# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64,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 */

View File

@@ -1,281 +0,0 @@
/* https://github.com/spinningarrow/zoom-vanilla.js
The MIT License
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
*/
+function () { "use strict";
var OFFSET = 80
// From http://youmightnotneedjquery.com/#offset
function offset(element) {
var rect = element.getBoundingClientRect()
var scrollTop = window.pageYOffset ||
document.documentElement.scrollTop ||
document.body.scrollTop ||
0
var scrollLeft = window.pageXOffset ||
document.documentElement.scrollLeft ||
document.body.scrollLeft ||
0
return {
top: rect.top + scrollTop,
left: rect.left + scrollLeft
}
}
function zoomListener() {
var activeZoom = null
var initialScrollPosition = null
var initialTouchPosition = null
function listen() {
document.body.addEventListener('click', function (event) {
if (event.target.getAttribute('data-action') !== 'zoom' ||
event.target.tagName !== 'IMG') return
zoom(event)
})
}
function zoom(event) {
event.stopPropagation()
if (document.body.classList.contains('zoom-overlay-open')) return
if (event.metaKey || event.ctrlKey) return openInNewWindow()
closeActiveZoom({ forceDispose: true })
activeZoom = vanillaZoom(event.target)
activeZoom.zoomImage()
addCloseActiveZoomListeners()
}
function openInNewWindow() {
window.open(event.target.getAttribute('data-original') ||
event.target.currentSrc ||
event.target.src,
'_blank')
}
function closeActiveZoom(options) {
options = options || { forceDispose: false }
if (!activeZoom) return
activeZoom[options.forceDispose ? 'dispose' : 'close']()
removeCloseActiveZoomListeners()
activeZoom = null
}
function addCloseActiveZoomListeners() {
// todo(fat): probably worth throttling this
window.addEventListener('scroll', handleScroll)
document.addEventListener('click', handleClick)
document.addEventListener('keyup', handleEscPressed)
document.addEventListener('touchstart', handleTouchStart)
document.addEventListener('touchend', handleClick)
}
function removeCloseActiveZoomListeners() {
window.removeEventListener('scroll', handleScroll)
document.removeEventListener('keyup', handleEscPressed)
document.removeEventListener('click', handleClick)
document.removeEventListener('touchstart', handleTouchStart)
document.removeEventListener('touchend', handleClick)
}
function handleScroll(event) {
if (initialScrollPosition === null) initialScrollPosition = window.pageYOffset
var deltaY = initialScrollPosition - window.pageYOffset
if (Math.abs(deltaY) >= 40) closeActiveZoom()
}
function handleEscPressed(event) {
if (event.keyCode == 27) closeActiveZoom()
}
function handleClick(event) {
event.stopPropagation()
event.preventDefault()
closeActiveZoom()
}
function handleTouchStart(event) {
initialTouchPosition = event.touches[0].pageY
event.target.addEventListener('touchmove', handleTouchMove)
}
function handleTouchMove(event) {
if (Math.abs(event.touches[0].pageY - initialTouchPosition) <= 10) return
closeActiveZoom()
event.target.removeEventListener('touchmove', handleTouchMove)
}
return { listen: listen }
}
var vanillaZoom = (function () {
var fullHeight = null
var fullWidth = null
var overlay = null
var imgScaleFactor = null
var targetImage = null
var targetImageWrap = null
var targetImageClone = null
function zoomImage() {
var img = document.createElement('img')
img.onload = function () {
fullHeight = Number(img.height)
fullWidth = Number(img.width)
zoomOriginal()
}
img.src = targetImage.currentSrc || targetImage.src
}
function zoomOriginal() {
targetImageWrap = document.createElement('div')
targetImageWrap.className = 'zoom-img-wrap'
targetImageWrap.style.position = 'absolute'
targetImageWrap.style.top = offset(targetImage).top + 'px'
targetImageWrap.style.left = offset(targetImage).left + 'px'
targetImageClone = targetImage.cloneNode()
targetImageClone.style.visibility = 'hidden'
targetImage.style.width = targetImage.offsetWidth + 'px'
targetImage.parentNode.replaceChild(targetImageClone, targetImage)
document.body.appendChild(targetImageWrap)
targetImageWrap.appendChild(targetImage)
targetImage.classList.add('zoom-img')
targetImage.setAttribute('data-action', 'zoom-out')
overlay = document.createElement('div')
overlay.className = 'zoom-overlay'
document.body.appendChild(overlay)
calculateZoom()
triggerAnimation()
}
function calculateZoom() {
targetImage.offsetWidth // repaint before animating
var originalFullImageWidth = fullWidth
var originalFullImageHeight = fullHeight
var maxScaleFactor = originalFullImageWidth / targetImage.width
var viewportHeight = window.innerHeight - OFFSET
var viewportWidth = window.innerWidth - OFFSET
var imageAspectRatio = originalFullImageWidth / originalFullImageHeight
var viewportAspectRatio = viewportWidth / viewportHeight
if (originalFullImageWidth < viewportWidth && originalFullImageHeight < viewportHeight) {
imgScaleFactor = maxScaleFactor
} else if (imageAspectRatio < viewportAspectRatio) {
imgScaleFactor = (viewportHeight / originalFullImageHeight) * maxScaleFactor
} else {
imgScaleFactor = (viewportWidth / originalFullImageWidth) * maxScaleFactor
}
}
function triggerAnimation() {
targetImage.offsetWidth // repaint before animating
var imageOffset = offset(targetImage)
var scrollTop = window.pageYOffset
var viewportY = scrollTop + (window.innerHeight / 2)
var viewportX = (window.innerWidth / 2)
var imageCenterY = imageOffset.top + (targetImage.height / 2)
var imageCenterX = imageOffset.left + (targetImage.width / 2)
var translateY = Math.round(viewportY - imageCenterY)
var translateX = Math.round(viewportX - imageCenterX)
var targetImageTransform = 'scale(' + imgScaleFactor + ')'
var targetImageWrapTransform =
'translate(' + translateX + 'px, ' + translateY + 'px) translateZ(0)'
targetImage.style.webkitTransform = targetImageTransform
targetImage.style.msTransform = targetImageTransform
targetImage.style.transform = targetImageTransform
targetImageWrap.style.webkitTransform = targetImageWrapTransform
targetImageWrap.style.msTransform = targetImageWrapTransform
targetImageWrap.style.transform = targetImageWrapTransform
document.body.classList.add('zoom-overlay-open')
}
function close() {
document.body.classList.remove('zoom-overlay-open')
document.body.classList.add('zoom-overlay-transitioning')
targetImage.style.webkitTransform = ''
targetImage.style.msTransform = ''
targetImage.style.transform = ''
targetImageWrap.style.webkitTransform = ''
targetImageWrap.style.msTransform = ''
targetImageWrap.style.transform = ''
if (!'transition' in document.body.style) return dispose()
targetImageWrap.addEventListener('transitionend', dispose)
targetImageWrap.addEventListener('webkitTransitionEnd', dispose)
}
function dispose() {
targetImage.removeEventListener('transitionend', dispose)
targetImage.removeEventListener('webkitTransitionEnd', dispose)
if (!targetImageWrap || !targetImageWrap.parentNode) return
targetImage.classList.remove('zoom-img')
targetImage.style.width = ''
targetImage.setAttribute('data-action', 'zoom')
targetImageClone.parentNode.replaceChild(targetImage, targetImageClone)
targetImageWrap.parentNode.removeChild(targetImageWrap)
overlay.parentNode.removeChild(overlay)
document.body.classList.remove('zoom-overlay-transitioning')
}
return function (target) {
targetImage = target
return { zoomImage: zoomImage, close: close, dispose: dispose }
}
}())
zoomListener().listen()
}()

View File

@@ -5,12 +5,9 @@
#include "pid.h"
#include "vector.h"
#include "util.h"
extern const int MOTOR_REAR_LEFT, MOTOR_REAR_RIGHT, MOTOR_FRONT_RIGHT, MOTOR_FRONT_LEFT;
extern float loopRate, dt;
extern double t;
extern int rollChannel, pitchChannel, throttleChannel, yawChannel, armedChannel, modeChannel;
extern PID rollRatePID, pitchRatePID, yawRatePID, rollPID, pitchPID;
extern LowPassFilter<Vector> ratesFilter;
const char* motd =
"\nWelcome to\n"
@@ -22,103 +19,71 @@ const char* motd =
"|__| |_______||__| /__/ \\__\\\n\n"
"Commands:\n\n"
"help - show help\n"
"p - show all parameters\n"
"p <name> - show parameter\n"
"p <name> <value> - set parameter\n"
"preset - reset parameters\n"
"time - show time info\n"
"show - show all parameters\n"
"<name> <value> - set parameter\n"
"ps - show pitch/roll/yaw\n"
"psq - show attitude quaternion\n"
"imu - show IMU data\n"
"rc - show RC data\n"
"mot - show motor output\n"
"mot - show motor data\n"
"log - dump in-RAM log\n"
"cr - calibrate RC\n"
"cg - calibrate gyro\n"
"ca - calibrate accel\n"
"mfr, mfl, mrr, mrl - test motor (remove props)\n"
"reset - reset drone's state\n"
"reboot - reboot the drone\n";
"mfr, mfl, mrr, mrl - test motor\n"
"reset - reset drone's state\n";
void print(const char* format, ...) {
char buf[1000];
va_list args;
va_start(args, format);
vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), format, args);
va_end(args);
Serial.print(buf);
#if WIFI_ENABLED
mavlinkPrint(buf);
#endif
}
const struct Param {
const char* name;
float* value;
float* value2;
} params[] = {
{"rp", &rollRatePID.p, &pitchRatePID.p},
{"ri", &rollRatePID.i, &pitchRatePID.i},
{"rd", &rollRatePID.d, &pitchRatePID.d},
void pause(float duration) {
#if ARDUINO
double start = t;
while (t - start < duration) {
step();
handleInput();
#if WIFI_ENABLED
processMavlink();
#endif
}
#else
// Code above won't work in the simulation
delay(duration * 1000);
#endif
}
{"ap", &rollPID.p, &pitchPID.p},
{"ai", &rollPID.i, &pitchPID.i},
{"ad", &rollPID.d, &pitchPID.d},
void doCommand(String str, bool echo = false) {
// parse command
String command, arg0, arg1;
splitString(str, command, arg0, arg1);
{"yp", &yawRatePID.p, nullptr},
{"yi", &yawRatePID.i, nullptr},
{"yd", &yawRatePID.d, nullptr},
// echo command
if (echo && !command.isEmpty()) {
print("> %s\n", str.c_str());
}
{"lpr", &ratesFilter.alpha, nullptr},
{"lpd", &rollRatePID.lpf.alpha, &pitchRatePID.lpf.alpha},
// execute command
{"ss", &loopRate, nullptr},
{"dt", &dt, nullptr},
{"t", &t, nullptr},
};
void doCommand(String& command, String& value) {
if (command == "help" || command == "motd") {
print("%s\n", motd);
} else if (command == "p" && arg0 == "") {
printParameters();
} else if (command == "p" && arg0 != "" && arg1 == "") {
print("%s = %g\n", arg0.c_str(), getParameter(arg0.c_str()));
} else if (command == "p") {
bool success = setParameter(arg0.c_str(), arg1.toFloat());
if (success) {
print("%s = %g\n", arg0.c_str(), arg1.toFloat());
} else {
print("Parameter not found: %s\n", arg0.c_str());
}
} else if (command == "preset") {
resetParameters();
} else if (command == "time") {
print("Time: %f\n", t);
print("Loop rate: %f\n", loopRate);
print("dt: %f\n", dt);
Serial.println(motd);
} else if (command == "show") {
showTable();
} else if (command == "ps") {
Vector a = attitude.toEulerZYX();
print("roll: %f pitch: %f yaw: %f\n", degrees(a.x), degrees(a.y), degrees(a.z));
Serial.printf("roll: %f pitch: %f yaw: %f\n", a.x * RAD_TO_DEG, a.y * RAD_TO_DEG, a.z * RAD_TO_DEG);
} else if (command == "psq") {
print("qx: %f qy: %f qz: %f qw: %f\n", attitude.x, attitude.y, attitude.z, attitude.w);
Serial.printf("qx: %f qy: %f qz: %f qw: %f\n", attitude.x, attitude.y, attitude.z, attitude.w);
} else if (command == "imu") {
printIMUInfo();
print("gyro: %f %f %f\n", rates.x, rates.y, rates.z);
print("acc: %f %f %f\n", acc.x, acc.y, acc.z);
Serial.printf("gyro: %f %f %f\n", rates.x, rates.y, rates.z);
Serial.printf("acc: %f %f %f\n", acc.x, acc.y, acc.z);
printIMUCal();
print("rate: %f\n", loopRate);
Serial.printf("rate: %f\n", loopRate);
} else if (command == "rc") {
print("Raw: throttle %d yaw %d pitch %d roll %d armed %d mode %d\n",
channels[throttleChannel], channels[yawChannel], channels[pitchChannel],
channels[rollChannel], channels[armedChannel], channels[modeChannel]);
print("Control: throttle %g yaw %g pitch %g roll %g armed %g mode %g\n",
controls[throttleChannel], controls[yawChannel], controls[pitchChannel],
controls[rollChannel], controls[armedChannel], controls[modeChannel]);
print("Mode: %s\n", getModeName());
Serial.printf("Raw: throttle %d yaw %d pitch %d roll %d armed %d mode %d\n",
channels[RC_CHANNEL_THROTTLE], channels[RC_CHANNEL_YAW], channels[RC_CHANNEL_PITCH],
channels[RC_CHANNEL_ROLL], channels[RC_CHANNEL_ARMED], channels[RC_CHANNEL_MODE]);
Serial.printf("Control: throttle %f yaw %f pitch %f roll %f armed %f mode %f\n",
controls[RC_CHANNEL_THROTTLE], controls[RC_CHANNEL_YAW], controls[RC_CHANNEL_PITCH],
controls[RC_CHANNEL_ROLL], controls[RC_CHANNEL_ARMED], controls[RC_CHANNEL_MODE]);
Serial.printf("Mode: %s\n", getModeName());
} else if (command == "mot") {
print("Motors: front-right %g front-left %g rear-right %g rear-left %g\n",
Serial.printf("MOTOR front-right %f front-left %f rear-right %f rear-left %f\n",
motors[MOTOR_FRONT_RIGHT], motors[MOTOR_FRONT_LEFT], motors[MOTOR_REAR_RIGHT], motors[MOTOR_REAR_LEFT]);
} else if (command == "log") {
dumpLog();
@@ -129,40 +94,76 @@ void doCommand(String str, bool echo = false) {
} else if (command == "ca") {
calibrateAccel();
} else if (command == "mfr") {
testMotor(MOTOR_FRONT_RIGHT);
cliTestMotor(MOTOR_FRONT_RIGHT);
} else if (command == "mfl") {
testMotor(MOTOR_FRONT_LEFT);
cliTestMotor(MOTOR_FRONT_LEFT);
} else if (command == "mrr") {
testMotor(MOTOR_REAR_RIGHT);
cliTestMotor(MOTOR_REAR_RIGHT);
} else if (command == "mrl") {
testMotor(MOTOR_REAR_LEFT);
cliTestMotor(MOTOR_REAR_LEFT);
} else if (command == "reset") {
attitude = Quaternion();
} else if (command == "reboot") {
ESP.restart();
} else if (command == "") {
// do nothing
} else {
print("Invalid command: %s\n", command.c_str());
float val = value.toFloat();
// TODO: on error returns 0, check invalid value
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < sizeof(params) / sizeof(params[0]); i++) {
if (command == params[i].name) {
*params[i].value = val;
if (params[i].value2 != nullptr) *params[i].value2 = val;
Serial.print(command);
Serial.print(" = ");
Serial.println(val, 4);
return;
}
}
Serial.println("Invalid command: " + command);
}
}
void handleInput() {
void showTable() {
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < sizeof(params) / sizeof(params[0]); i++) {
Serial.print(params[i].name);
Serial.print(" ");
Serial.println(*params[i].value, 5);
}
}
void cliTestMotor(uint8_t n) {
Serial.printf("Testing motor %d\n", n);
motors[n] = 1;
delay(50); // ESP32 may need to wait until the end of the current cycle to change duty https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/issues/5306
sendMotors();
delay(3000);
motors[n] = 0;
sendMotors();
Serial.println("Done");
}
void parseInput() {
static bool showMotd = true;
static String input;
static String command;
static String value;
static bool parsingCommand = true;
if (showMotd) {
print("%s\n", motd);
Serial.println(motd);
showMotd = false;
}
while (Serial.available()) {
char c = Serial.read();
if (c == '\n') {
doCommand(input);
input.clear();
parsingCommand = true;
if (!command.isEmpty()) {
doCommand(command, value);
}
command.clear();
value.clear();
} else if (c == ' ') {
parsingCommand = false;
} else {
input += c;
(parsingCommand ? command : value) += c;
}
}
}

View File

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
#include "quaternion.h"
#include "pid.h"
#include "lpf.h"
#include "util.h"
#define PITCHRATE_P 0.05
#define PITCHRATE_I 0.2
@@ -30,8 +29,8 @@
#define YAW_P 3
#define PITCHRATE_MAX radians(360)
#define ROLLRATE_MAX radians(360)
#define YAWRATE_MAX radians(300)
#define TILT_MAX radians(30)
#define YAWRATE_MAX radians(360)
#define MAX_TILT radians(30)
#define RATES_D_LPF_ALPHA 0.2 // cutoff frequency ~ 40 Hz
@@ -45,17 +44,12 @@ PID yawRatePID(YAWRATE_P, YAWRATE_I, YAWRATE_D);
PID rollPID(ROLL_P, ROLL_I, ROLL_D);
PID pitchPID(PITCH_P, PITCH_I, PITCH_D);
PID yawPID(YAW_P, 0, 0);
Vector maxRate(ROLLRATE_MAX, PITCHRATE_MAX, YAWRATE_MAX);
float tiltMax = TILT_MAX;
Quaternion attitudeTarget;
Vector ratesTarget;
Vector torqueTarget;
float thrustTarget;
extern const int MOTOR_REAR_LEFT, MOTOR_REAR_RIGHT, MOTOR_FRONT_RIGHT, MOTOR_FRONT_LEFT;
extern int rollChannel, pitchChannel, throttleChannel, yawChannel, armedChannel, modeChannel;
void control() {
interpretRC();
failsafe();
@@ -72,39 +66,38 @@ void control() {
}
void interpretRC() {
armed = controls[throttleChannel] >= 0.05 &&
(controls[armedChannel] >= 0.5 || isnan(controls[armedChannel])); // assume armed if armed channel is not defined
armed = controls[RC_CHANNEL_THROTTLE] >= 0.05 && controls[RC_CHANNEL_ARMED] >= 0.5;
// NOTE: put ACRO or MANUAL modes there if you want to use them
if (controls[modeChannel] < 0.25) {
if (controls[RC_CHANNEL_MODE] < 0.25) {
mode = STAB;
} else if (controls[modeChannel] < 0.75) {
} else if (controls[RC_CHANNEL_MODE] < 0.75) {
mode = STAB;
} else {
mode = STAB;
}
thrustTarget = controls[throttleChannel];
thrustTarget = controls[RC_CHANNEL_THROTTLE];
if (mode == ACRO) {
yawMode = YAW_RATE;
ratesTarget.x = controls[rollChannel] * maxRate.x;
ratesTarget.y = controls[pitchChannel] * maxRate.y;
ratesTarget.z = -controls[yawChannel] * maxRate.z; // positive yaw stick means clockwise rotation in FLU
ratesTarget.x = controls[RC_CHANNEL_ROLL] * ROLLRATE_MAX;
ratesTarget.y = controls[RC_CHANNEL_PITCH] * PITCHRATE_MAX;
ratesTarget.z = -controls[RC_CHANNEL_YAW] * YAWRATE_MAX; // positive yaw stick means clockwise rotation in FLU
} else if (mode == STAB) {
yawMode = controls[yawChannel] == 0 ? YAW : YAW_RATE;
yawMode = controls[RC_CHANNEL_YAW] == 0 ? YAW : YAW_RATE;
attitudeTarget = Quaternion::fromEulerZYX(Vector(
controls[rollChannel] * tiltMax,
controls[pitchChannel] * tiltMax,
controls[RC_CHANNEL_ROLL] * MAX_TILT,
controls[RC_CHANNEL_PITCH] * MAX_TILT,
attitudeTarget.getYaw()));
ratesTarget.z = -controls[yawChannel] * maxRate.z; // positive yaw stick means clockwise rotation in FLU
ratesTarget.z = -controls[RC_CHANNEL_YAW] * YAWRATE_MAX; // positive yaw stick means clockwise rotation in FLU
} else if (mode == MANUAL) {
// passthrough mode
yawMode = YAW_RATE;
torqueTarget = Vector(controls[rollChannel], controls[pitchChannel], -controls[yawChannel]) * 0.01;
torqueTarget = Vector(controls[RC_CHANNEL_ROLL], controls[RC_CHANNEL_PITCH], -controls[RC_CHANNEL_YAW]) * 0.01;
}
if (yawMode == YAW_RATE || !motorsActive()) {
@@ -122,8 +115,8 @@ void controlAttitude() {
}
const Vector up(0, 0, 1);
Vector upActual = attitude.rotateVector(up);
Vector upTarget = attitudeTarget.rotateVector(up);
Vector upActual = attitude.rotate(up);
Vector upTarget = attitudeTarget.rotate(up);
Vector error = Vector::angularRatesBetweenVectors(upTarget, upActual);
@@ -169,6 +162,10 @@ void controlTorque() {
motors[3] = constrain(motors[3], 0, 1);
}
bool motorsActive() {
return motors[0] > 0 || motors[1] > 0 || motors[2] > 0 || motors[3] > 0;
}
const char* getModeName() {
switch (mode) {
case MANUAL: return "MANUAL";

View File

@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@
#include "quaternion.h"
#include "vector.h"
#include "lpf.h"
#include "util.h"
#define WEIGHT_ACC 0.003
#define ONE_G 9.807f
#define WEIGHT_ACC 0.5f
#define RATES_LFP_ALPHA 0.2 // cutoff frequency ~ 40 Hz
LowPassFilter<Vector> ratesFilter(RATES_LFP_ALPHA);
@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@ void applyGyro() {
rates = ratesFilter.update(gyro);
// apply rates to attitude
attitude = attitude.rotate(Quaternion::fromAngularRates(rates * dt));
attitude *= Quaternion::fromAngularRates(rates * dt);
attitude.normalize();
}
void applyAcc() {
@@ -34,9 +35,10 @@ void applyAcc() {
if (!landed) return;
// calculate accelerometer correction
Vector up = attitude.rotateVector(Vector(0, 0, 1));
Vector correction = Vector::angularRatesBetweenVectors(acc, up) * WEIGHT_ACC;
Vector up = attitude.rotate(Vector(0, 0, 1));
Vector correction = Vector::angularRatesBetweenVectors(acc, up) * dt * WEIGHT_ACC;
// apply correction
attitude = attitude.rotate(Quaternion::fromAngularRates(correction));
attitude *= Quaternion::fromAngularRates(correction);
attitude.normalize();
}

View File

@@ -1,41 +1,22 @@
// Copyright (c) 2024 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Fail-safe functions
// Fail-safe for RC loss
#define RC_LOSS_TIMEOUT 0.2
#define DESCEND_TIME 3.0 // time to descend from full throttle to zero
extern double controlsTime;
extern int rollChannel, pitchChannel, throttleChannel, yawChannel;
void failsafe() {
armingFailsafe();
rcLossFailsafe();
}
// Prevent arming without zero throttle input
void armingFailsafe() {
static double zeroThrottleTime;
static double armingTime;
if (!armed) armingTime = t; // stores the last time when the drone was disarmed, therefore contains arming time
if (controlsTime > 0 && controls[throttleChannel] < 0.05) zeroThrottleTime = controlsTime;
if (armingTime - zeroThrottleTime > 0.1) armed = false; // prevent arming if there was no zero throttle for 0.1 sec
}
// RC loss failsafe
void rcLossFailsafe() {
if (t - controlsTime > RC_LOSS_TIMEOUT) {
descend();
}
}
// Smooth descend on RC lost
void descend() {
// Smooth descend on RC lost
mode = STAB;
controls[rollChannel] = 0;
controls[pitchChannel] = 0;
controls[yawChannel] = 0;
controls[throttleChannel] -= dt / DESCEND_TIME;
if (controls[throttleChannel] < 0) controls[throttleChannel] = 0;
controls[RC_CHANNEL_ROLL] = 0;
controls[RC_CHANNEL_PITCH] = 0;
controls[RC_CHANNEL_YAW] = 0;
controls[RC_CHANNEL_THROTTLE] -= dt / DESCEND_TIME;
}

View File

@@ -5,15 +5,30 @@
#include "vector.h"
#include "quaternion.h"
#include "util.h"
#define SERIAL_BAUDRATE 115200
#define WIFI_ENABLED 1
double t = NAN; // current step time, s
#define RC_CHANNELS 16
#define RC_CHANNEL_ROLL 0
#define RC_CHANNEL_PITCH 1
#define RC_CHANNEL_THROTTLE 2
#define RC_CHANNEL_YAW 3
#define RC_CHANNEL_ARMED 4
#define RC_CHANNEL_MODE 5
#define MOTOR_REAR_LEFT 0
#define MOTOR_REAR_RIGHT 1
#define MOTOR_FRONT_RIGHT 2
#define MOTOR_FRONT_LEFT 3
float t = NAN; // current step time, s
float dt; // time delta from previous step, s
int16_t channels[16]; // raw rc channels
float controls[16]; // normalized controls in range [-1..1] ([0..1] for throttle)
float loopRate; // loop rate, Hz
int16_t channels[RC_CHANNELS]; // raw rc channels
float controls[RC_CHANNELS]; // normalized controls in range [-1..1] ([0..1] for throttle)
float controlsTime; // time of the last controls update
Vector gyro; // gyroscope data
Vector acc; // accelerometer data, m/s/s
Vector rates; // filtered angular rates, rad/s
@@ -22,19 +37,19 @@ float motors[4]; // normalized motors thrust in range [-1..1]
void setup() {
Serial.begin(SERIAL_BAUDRATE);
print("Initializing flix");
Serial.println("Initializing flix");
disableBrownOut();
setupParameters();
setupLED();
setupMotors();
setLED(true);
#if WIFI_ENABLED
#if WIFI_ENABLED == 1
setupWiFi();
#endif
setupIMU();
setupRC();
setLED(false);
print("Initializing complete");
Serial.println("Initializing complete");
}
void loop() {
@@ -44,10 +59,9 @@ void loop() {
estimate();
control();
sendMotors();
handleInput();
#if WIFI_ENABLED
parseInput();
#if WIFI_ENABLED == 1
processMavlink();
#endif
logData();
syncParameters();
}

View File

@@ -2,22 +2,32 @@
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Work with the IMU sensor
// IMU is oriented FLU (front-left-up) style.
// In case of FRD (front-right-down) orientation of the IMU, use this code:
// https://gist.github.com/okalachev/713db47e31bce643dbbc9539d166ce98.
#include <SPI.h>
#include <MPU9250.h>
#include "util.h"
MPU9250 IMU(SPI);
#define ONE_G 9.80665
Vector accBias;
Vector gyroBias;
// NOTE: use 'ca' command to calibrate the accelerometer and put the values here
Vector accBias(0, 0, 0);
Vector accScale(1, 1, 1);
MPU9250 IMU(SPI);
Vector gyroBias;
void setupIMU() {
print("Setup IMU\n");
IMU.begin();
Serial.println("Setup IMU");
bool status = IMU.begin();
if (!status) {
while (true) {
Serial.println("IMU begin error");
delay(1000);
}
}
configureIMU();
delay(500); // wait a bit before calibrating
calibrateGyro();
}
@@ -35,21 +45,11 @@ void readIMU() {
// apply scale and bias
acc = (acc - accBias) / accScale;
gyro = gyro - gyroBias;
// rotate
rotateIMU(acc);
rotateIMU(gyro);
}
void rotateIMU(Vector& data) {
// Rotate from LFD to FLU
// NOTE: In case of using other IMU orientation, change this line:
data = Vector(data.y, data.x, -data.z);
// Axes orientation for various boards: https://github.com/okalachev/flixperiph#imu-axes-orientation
}
void calibrateGyro() {
const int samples = 1000;
print("Calibrating gyro, stand still\n");
Serial.println("Calibrating gyro, stand still");
IMU.setGyroRange(IMU.GYRO_RANGE_250DPS); // the most sensitive mode
gyroBias = Vector(0, 0, 0);
@@ -65,26 +65,21 @@ void calibrateGyro() {
}
void calibrateAccel() {
print("Calibrating accelerometer\n");
Serial.println("Calibrating accelerometer");
IMU.setAccelRange(IMU.ACCEL_RANGE_2G); // the most sensitive mode
print("Place level [8 sec]\n");
pause(8);
Serial.setTimeout(60000);
Serial.print("Place level [enter] "); Serial.readStringUntil('\n');
calibrateAccelOnce();
print("Place nose up [8 sec]\n");
pause(8);
Serial.print("Place nose up [enter] "); Serial.readStringUntil('\n');
calibrateAccelOnce();
print("Place nose down [8 sec]\n");
pause(8);
Serial.print("Place nose down [enter] "); Serial.readStringUntil('\n');
calibrateAccelOnce();
print("Place on right side [8 sec]\n");
pause(8);
Serial.print("Place on right side [enter] "); Serial.readStringUntil('\n');
calibrateAccelOnce();
print("Place on left side [8 sec]\n");
pause(8);
Serial.print("Place on left side [enter] "); Serial.readStringUntil('\n');
calibrateAccelOnce();
print("Place upside down [8 sec]\n");
pause(8);
Serial.print("Place upside down [enter] "); Serial.readStringUntil('\n');
calibrateAccelOnce();
printIMUCal();
@@ -113,22 +108,21 @@ void calibrateAccelOnce() {
if (acc.x < accMin.x) accMin.x = acc.x;
if (acc.y < accMin.y) accMin.y = acc.y;
if (acc.z < accMin.z) accMin.z = acc.z;
print("acc %f %f %f\n", acc.x, acc.y, acc.z);
print("max %f %f %f\n", accMax.x, accMax.y, accMax.z);
print("min %f %f %f\n", accMin.x, accMin.y, accMin.z);
Serial.printf("acc %f %f %f\n", acc.x, acc.y, acc.z);
Serial.printf("max %f %f %f\n", accMax.x, accMax.y, accMax.z);
Serial.printf("min %f %f %f\n", accMin.x, accMin.y, accMin.z);
// Compute scale and bias
accScale = (accMax - accMin) / 2 / ONE_G;
accBias = (accMax + accMin) / 2;
}
void printIMUCal() {
print("gyro bias: %f %f %f\n", gyroBias.x, gyroBias.y, gyroBias.z);
print("accel bias: %f %f %f\n", accBias.x, accBias.y, accBias.z);
print("accel scale: %f %f %f\n", accScale.x, accScale.y, accScale.z);
Serial.printf("gyro bias: %f, %f, %f\n", gyroBias.x, gyroBias.y, gyroBias.z);
Serial.printf("accel bias: %f, %f, %f\n", accBias.x, accBias.y, accBias.z);
Serial.printf("accel scale: %f, %f, %f\n", accScale.x, accScale.y, accScale.z);
}
void printIMUInfo() {
IMU.status() ? print("status: ERROR %d\n", IMU.status()) : print("status: OK\n");
print("model: %s\n", IMU.getModel());
print("who am I: 0x%02X\n", IMU.whoAmI());
Serial.printf("model: %s\n", IMU.getModel());
Serial.printf("who am I: 0x%02X\n", IMU.whoAmI());
}

View File

@@ -3,60 +3,36 @@
// In-RAM logging
#include "vector.h"
#define LOG_RATE 100
#define LOG_DURATION 10
#define LOG_PERIOD 1.0 / LOG_RATE
#define LOG_SIZE LOG_DURATION * LOG_RATE
#define LOG_COLUMNS 14
float tFloat;
Vector attitudeEuler;
Vector attitudeTargetEuler;
struct LogEntry {
const char *name;
float *value;
};
LogEntry logEntries[] = {
{"t", &tFloat},
{"rates.x", &rates.x},
{"rates.y", &rates.y},
{"rates.z", &rates.z},
{"ratesTarget.x", &ratesTarget.x},
{"ratesTarget.y", &ratesTarget.y},
{"ratesTarget.z", &ratesTarget.z},
{"attitude.x", &attitudeEuler.x},
{"attitude.y", &attitudeEuler.y},
{"attitude.z", &attitudeEuler.z},
{"attitudeTarget.x", &attitudeTargetEuler.x},
{"attitudeTarget.y", &attitudeTargetEuler.y},
{"attitudeTarget.z", &attitudeTargetEuler.z},
{"thrustTarget", &thrustTarget}
};
const int logColumns = sizeof(logEntries) / sizeof(logEntries[0]);
float logBuffer[LOG_SIZE][logColumns];
void prepareLogData() {
tFloat = t;
attitudeEuler = attitude.toEulerZYX();
attitudeTargetEuler = attitudeTarget.toEulerZYX();
}
float logBuffer[LOG_SIZE][LOG_COLUMNS]; // * 4 (float)
int logPointer = 0;
void logData() {
if (!armed) return;
static int logPointer = 0;
static double logTime = 0;
static float logTime = 0;
if (t - logTime < LOG_PERIOD) return;
logTime = t;
prepareLogData();
for (int i = 0; i < logColumns; i++) {
logBuffer[logPointer][i] = *logEntries[i].value;
}
logBuffer[logPointer][0] = t;
logBuffer[logPointer][1] = rates.x;
logBuffer[logPointer][2] = rates.y;
logBuffer[logPointer][3] = rates.z;
logBuffer[logPointer][4] = ratesTarget.x;
logBuffer[logPointer][5] = ratesTarget.y;
logBuffer[logPointer][6] = ratesTarget.z;
logBuffer[logPointer][7] = attitude.toEulerZYX().x;
logBuffer[logPointer][8] = attitude.toEulerZYX().y;
logBuffer[logPointer][9] = attitude.toEulerZYX().z;
logBuffer[logPointer][10] = attitudeTarget.toEulerZYX().x;
logBuffer[logPointer][11] = attitudeTarget.toEulerZYX().y;
logBuffer[logPointer][12] = attitudeTarget.toEulerZYX().z;
logBuffer[logPointer][13] = thrustTarget;
logPointer++;
if (logPointer >= LOG_SIZE) {
@@ -65,15 +41,13 @@ void logData() {
}
void dumpLog() {
// Print header
for (int i = 0; i < logColumns; i++) {
print("%s%s", logEntries[i].name, i < logColumns - 1 ? "," : "\n");
}
// Print data
Serial.printf("t,rates.x,rates.y,rates.z,ratesTarget.x,ratesTarget.y,ratesTarget.z,"
"attitude.x,attitude.y,attitude.z,attitudeTarget.x,attitudeTarget.y,attitudeTarget.z,thrustTarget\n");
for (int i = 0; i < LOG_SIZE; i++) {
if (logBuffer[i][0] == 0) continue; // skip empty records
for (int j = 0; j < logColumns; j++) {
print("%g%s", logBuffer[i][j], j < logColumns - 1 ? "," : "\n");
for (int j = 0; j < LOG_COLUMNS - 1; j++) {
Serial.printf("%f,", logBuffer[i][j]);
}
Serial.printf("%f\n", logBuffer[i][LOG_COLUMNS - 1]);
}
}

View File

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
// MAVLink communication
#if WIFI_ENABLED
#if WIFI_ENABLED == 1
#include <MAVLink.h>
@@ -13,19 +13,14 @@
#define MAVLINK_CONTROL_SCALE 0.7f
#define MAVLINK_CONTROL_YAW_DEAD_ZONE 0.1f
float mavlinkControlScale = 0.7;
extern double controlsTime;
extern int rollChannel, pitchChannel, throttleChannel, yawChannel, armedChannel, modeChannel;
void processMavlink() {
sendMavlink();
receiveMavlink();
}
void sendMavlink() {
static double lastSlow = 0;
static double lastFast = 0;
static float lastSlow = 0;
static float lastFast = 0;
mavlink_message_t msg;
uint32_t time = t * 1000;
@@ -43,12 +38,12 @@ void sendMavlink() {
lastFast = t;
const float zeroQuat[] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
Quaternion attitudeFRD = fluToFrd(attitude); // MAVLink uses FRD coordinate system
Quaternion attitudeFRD = FLU2FRD(attitude); // MAVLink uses FRD coordinate system
mavlink_msg_attitude_quaternion_pack(SYSTEM_ID, MAV_COMP_ID_AUTOPILOT1, &msg,
time, attitudeFRD.w, attitudeFRD.x, attitudeFRD.y, attitudeFRD.z, rates.x, rates.y, rates.z, zeroQuat);
sendMessage(&msg);
mavlink_msg_rc_channels_scaled_pack(SYSTEM_ID, MAV_COMP_ID_AUTOPILOT1, &msg, controlsTime * 1000, 0,
mavlink_msg_rc_channels_scaled_pack(SYSTEM_ID, MAV_COMP_ID_AUTOPILOT1, &msg, time, 0,
controls[0] * 10000, controls[1] * 10000, controls[2] * 10000,
controls[3] * 10000, controls[4] * 10000, controls[5] * 10000,
INT16_MAX, INT16_MAX, UINT8_MAX);
@@ -88,125 +83,24 @@ void receiveMavlink() {
}
void handleMavlink(const void *_msg) {
const mavlink_message_t &msg = *(mavlink_message_t *)_msg;
if (msg.msgid == MAVLINK_MSG_ID_MANUAL_CONTROL) {
mavlink_manual_control_t m;
mavlink_msg_manual_control_decode(&msg, &m);
if (m.target && m.target != SYSTEM_ID) return; // 0 is broadcast
controls[throttleChannel] = m.z / 1000.0f;
controls[pitchChannel] = m.x / 1000.0f * mavlinkControlScale;
controls[rollChannel] = m.y / 1000.0f * mavlinkControlScale;
controls[yawChannel] = m.r / 1000.0f * mavlinkControlScale;
controls[modeChannel] = 1; // STAB mode
controls[armedChannel] = 1; // armed
mavlink_message_t *msg = (mavlink_message_t *)_msg;
if (msg->msgid == MAVLINK_MSG_ID_MANUAL_CONTROL) {
mavlink_manual_control_t manualControl;
mavlink_msg_manual_control_decode(msg, &manualControl);
controls[RC_CHANNEL_THROTTLE] = manualControl.z / 1000.0f;
controls[RC_CHANNEL_PITCH] = manualControl.x / 1000.0f * MAVLINK_CONTROL_SCALE;
controls[RC_CHANNEL_ROLL] = manualControl.y / 1000.0f * MAVLINK_CONTROL_SCALE;
controls[RC_CHANNEL_YAW] = manualControl.r / 1000.0f * MAVLINK_CONTROL_SCALE;
controls[RC_CHANNEL_MODE] = 1; // STAB mode
controls[RC_CHANNEL_ARMED] = 1; // armed
controlsTime = t;
if (abs(controls[yawChannel]) < MAVLINK_CONTROL_YAW_DEAD_ZONE) controls[yawChannel] = 0;
}
if (msg.msgid == MAVLINK_MSG_ID_PARAM_REQUEST_LIST) {
mavlink_param_request_list_t m;
mavlink_msg_param_request_list_decode(&msg, &m);
if (m.target_system && m.target_system != SYSTEM_ID) return;
mavlink_message_t msg;
for (int i = 0; i < parametersCount(); i++) {
mavlink_msg_param_value_pack(SYSTEM_ID, MAV_COMP_ID_AUTOPILOT1, &msg,
getParameterName(i), getParameter(i), MAV_PARAM_TYPE_REAL32, parametersCount(), i);
sendMessage(&msg);
}
}
if (msg.msgid == MAVLINK_MSG_ID_PARAM_REQUEST_READ) {
mavlink_param_request_read_t m;
mavlink_msg_param_request_read_decode(&msg, &m);
if (m.target_system && m.target_system != SYSTEM_ID) return;
char name[MAVLINK_MSG_PARAM_REQUEST_READ_FIELD_PARAM_ID_LEN + 1];
strlcpy(name, m.param_id, sizeof(name)); // param_id might be not null-terminated
float value = strlen(name) == 0 ? getParameter(m.param_index) : getParameter(name);
if (m.param_index != -1) {
memcpy(name, getParameterName(m.param_index), 16);
}
mavlink_message_t msg;
mavlink_msg_param_value_pack(SYSTEM_ID, MAV_COMP_ID_AUTOPILOT1, &msg,
name, value, MAV_PARAM_TYPE_REAL32, parametersCount(), m.param_index);
sendMessage(&msg);
}
if (msg.msgid == MAVLINK_MSG_ID_PARAM_SET) {
mavlink_param_set_t m;
mavlink_msg_param_set_decode(&msg, &m);
if (m.target_system && m.target_system != SYSTEM_ID) return;
char name[MAVLINK_MSG_PARAM_SET_FIELD_PARAM_ID_LEN + 1];
strlcpy(name, m.param_id, sizeof(name)); // param_id might be not null-terminated
setParameter(name, m.param_value);
// send ack
mavlink_message_t msg;
mavlink_msg_param_value_pack(SYSTEM_ID, MAV_COMP_ID_AUTOPILOT1, &msg,
m.param_id, m.param_value, MAV_PARAM_TYPE_REAL32, parametersCount(), 0); // index is unknown
sendMessage(&msg);
}
if (msg.msgid == MAVLINK_MSG_ID_MISSION_REQUEST_LIST) { // handle to make qgc happy
mavlink_mission_request_list_t m;
mavlink_msg_mission_request_list_decode(&msg, &m);
if (m.target_system && m.target_system != SYSTEM_ID) return;
mavlink_message_t msg;
mavlink_msg_mission_count_pack(SYSTEM_ID, MAV_COMP_ID_AUTOPILOT1, &msg, 0, 0, 0, MAV_MISSION_TYPE_MISSION, 0);
sendMessage(&msg);
}
if (msg.msgid == MAVLINK_MSG_ID_SERIAL_CONTROL) {
mavlink_serial_control_t m;
mavlink_msg_serial_control_decode(&msg, &m);
if (m.target_system && m.target_system != SYSTEM_ID) return;
char data[MAVLINK_MSG_SERIAL_CONTROL_FIELD_DATA_LEN + 1];
strlcpy(data, (const char *)m.data, m.count); // data might be not null-terminated
doCommand(data, true);
}
// Handle commands
if (msg.msgid == MAVLINK_MSG_ID_COMMAND_LONG) {
mavlink_command_long_t m;
mavlink_msg_command_long_decode(&msg, &m);
if (m.target_system && m.target_system != SYSTEM_ID) return;
mavlink_message_t ack;
mavlink_message_t response;
if (m.command == MAV_CMD_REQUEST_MESSAGE && m.param1 == MAVLINK_MSG_ID_AUTOPILOT_VERSION) {
mavlink_msg_command_ack_pack(SYSTEM_ID, MAV_COMP_ID_AUTOPILOT1, &ack, m.command, MAV_RESULT_ACCEPTED, UINT8_MAX, 0, msg.sysid, msg.compid);
sendMessage(&ack);
mavlink_msg_autopilot_version_pack(SYSTEM_ID, MAV_COMP_ID_AUTOPILOT1, &response,
MAV_PROTOCOL_CAPABILITY_PARAM_FLOAT | MAV_PROTOCOL_CAPABILITY_MAVLINK2, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
sendMessage(&response);
} else {
mavlink_msg_command_ack_pack(SYSTEM_ID, MAV_COMP_ID_AUTOPILOT1, &ack, m.command, MAV_RESULT_UNSUPPORTED, UINT8_MAX, 0, msg.sysid, msg.compid);
sendMessage(&ack);
}
}
}
// Send shell output to GCS
void mavlinkPrint(const char* str) {
// Send data in chunks
for (int i = 0; i < strlen(str); i += MAVLINK_MSG_SERIAL_CONTROL_FIELD_DATA_LEN) {
char data[MAVLINK_MSG_SERIAL_CONTROL_FIELD_DATA_LEN + 1];
strlcpy(data, str + i, sizeof(data));
mavlink_message_t msg;
mavlink_msg_serial_control_pack(SYSTEM_ID, MAV_COMP_ID_AUTOPILOT1, &msg,
SERIAL_CONTROL_DEV_SHELL, 0, 0, 0, strlen(data), (uint8_t *)data, 0, 0);
sendMessage(&msg);
if (abs(controls[RC_CHANNEL_YAW]) < MAVLINK_CONTROL_YAW_DEAD_ZONE) controls[RC_CHANNEL_YAW] = 0;
}
}
// Convert Forward-Left-Up to Forward-Right-Down quaternion
inline Quaternion fluToFrd(const Quaternion &q) {
inline Quaternion FLU2FRD(const Quaternion &q) {
return Quaternion(q.w, q.x, -q.y, -q.z);
}

View File

@@ -2,29 +2,19 @@
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Motors output control using MOSFETs
// In case of using ESCs, change PWM_STOP, PWM_MIN and PWM_MAX to appropriate values in μs, decrease PWM_FREQUENCY (to 400)
#include "util.h"
// In case of using ESC, use this version of the code: https://gist.github.com/okalachev/8871d3a94b6b6c0a298f41a4edd34c61.
// Motor: 8520 3.7V
#define MOTOR_0_PIN 12 // rear left
#define MOTOR_1_PIN 13 // rear right
#define MOTOR_2_PIN 14 // front right
#define MOTOR_3_PIN 15 // front left
#define PWM_FREQUENCY 1000
#define PWM_RESOLUTION 12
#define PWM_STOP 0
#define PWM_MIN 0
#define PWM_MAX 1000000 / PWM_FREQUENCY
// Motors array indexes:
const int MOTOR_REAR_LEFT = 0;
const int MOTOR_REAR_RIGHT = 1;
const int MOTOR_FRONT_RIGHT = 2;
const int MOTOR_FRONT_LEFT = 3;
#define PWM_FREQUENCY 200
#define PWM_RESOLUTION 8
void setupMotors() {
print("Setup Motors\n");
Serial.println("Setup Motors");
// configure pins
ledcAttach(MOTOR_0_PIN, PWM_FREQUENCY, PWM_RESOLUTION);
@@ -33,35 +23,17 @@ void setupMotors() {
ledcAttach(MOTOR_3_PIN, PWM_FREQUENCY, PWM_RESOLUTION);
sendMotors();
print("Motors initialized\n");
Serial.println("Motors initialized");
}
int getDutyCycle(float value) {
value = constrain(value, 0, 1);
float pwm = mapff(value, 0, 1, PWM_MIN, PWM_MAX);
if (value == 0) pwm = PWM_STOP;
float duty = mapff(pwm, 0, 1000000 / PWM_FREQUENCY, 0, (1 << PWM_RESOLUTION) - 1);
return round(duty);
uint8_t signalToDutyCycle(float control) {
float duty = mapff(control, 0, 1, 0, (1 << PWM_RESOLUTION) - 1);
return round(constrain(duty, 0, (1 << PWM_RESOLUTION) - 1));
}
void sendMotors() {
ledcWrite(MOTOR_0_PIN, getDutyCycle(motors[0]));
ledcWrite(MOTOR_1_PIN, getDutyCycle(motors[1]));
ledcWrite(MOTOR_2_PIN, getDutyCycle(motors[2]));
ledcWrite(MOTOR_3_PIN, getDutyCycle(motors[3]));
}
bool motorsActive() {
return motors[0] != 0 || motors[1] != 0 || motors[2] != 0 || motors[3] != 0;
}
void testMotor(uint8_t n) {
print("Testing motor %d\n", n);
motors[n] = 1;
delay(50); // ESP32 may need to wait until the end of the current cycle to change duty https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/issues/5306
sendMotors();
pause(3);
motors[n] = 0;
sendMotors();
print("Done\n");
ledcWrite(MOTOR_0_PIN, signalToDutyCycle(motors[0]));
ledcWrite(MOTOR_1_PIN, signalToDutyCycle(motors[1]));
ledcWrite(MOTOR_2_PIN, signalToDutyCycle(motors[2]));
ledcWrite(MOTOR_3_PIN, signalToDutyCycle(motors[3]));
}

View File

@@ -1,145 +0,0 @@
// Copyright (c) 2024 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Parameters storage in flash memory
#include <Preferences.h>
extern float channelNeutral[16];
extern float channelMax[16];
extern float mavlinkControlScale;
Preferences storage;
struct Parameter {
const char *name;
float *variable;
float value; // cache
};
Parameter parameters[] = {
// control
{"ROLLRATE_P", &rollRatePID.p},
{"ROLLRATE_I", &rollRatePID.i},
{"ROLLRATE_D", &rollRatePID.d},
{"ROLLRATE_I_LIM", &rollRatePID.windup},
{"PITCHRATE_P", &pitchRatePID.p},
{"PITCHRATE_I", &pitchRatePID.i},
{"PITCHRATE_D", &pitchRatePID.d},
{"PITCHRATE_I_LIM", &pitchRatePID.windup},
{"YAWRATE_P", &yawRatePID.p},
{"YAWRATE_I", &yawRatePID.i},
{"YAWRATE_D", &yawRatePID.d},
{"ROLL_P", &rollPID.p},
{"ROLL_I", &rollPID.i},
{"ROLL_D", &rollPID.d},
{"PITCH_P", &pitchPID.p},
{"PITCH_I", &pitchPID.i},
{"PITCH_D", &pitchPID.d},
{"YAW_P", &yawPID.p},
{"PITCHRATE_MAX", &maxRate.y},
{"ROLLRATE_MAX", &maxRate.x},
{"YAWRATE_MAX", &maxRate.z},
{"TILT_MAX", &tiltMax},
// imu
{"ACC_BIAS_X", &accBias.x},
{"ACC_BIAS_Y", &accBias.y},
{"ACC_BIAS_Z", &accBias.z},
{"ACC_SCALE_X", &accScale.x},
{"ACC_SCALE_Y", &accScale.y},
{"ACC_SCALE_Z", &accScale.z},
{"GYRO_BIAS_X", &gyroBias.x},
{"GYRO_BIAS_Y", &gyroBias.y},
{"GYRO_BIAS_Z", &gyroBias.z},
// rc
{"RC_NEUTRAL_0", &channelNeutral[0]},
{"RC_NEUTRAL_1", &channelNeutral[1]},
{"RC_NEUTRAL_2", &channelNeutral[2]},
{"RC_NEUTRAL_3", &channelNeutral[3]},
{"RC_NEUTRAL_4", &channelNeutral[4]},
{"RC_NEUTRAL_5", &channelNeutral[5]},
{"RC_NEUTRAL_6", &channelNeutral[6]},
{"RC_NEUTRAL_7", &channelNeutral[7]},
{"RC_MAX_0", &channelMax[0]},
{"RC_MAX_1", &channelMax[1]},
{"RC_MAX_2", &channelMax[2]},
{"RC_MAX_3", &channelMax[3]},
{"RC_MAX_4", &channelMax[4]},
{"RC_MAX_5", &channelMax[5]},
{"RC_MAX_6", &channelMax[6]},
{"RC_MAX_7", &channelMax[7]},
#if WIFI_ENABLED
// MAVLink
{"MAV_CTRL_SCALE", &mavlinkControlScale},
#endif
};
void setupParameters() {
storage.begin("flix", false);
// Read parameters from storage
for (auto &parameter : parameters) {
if (!storage.isKey(parameter.name)) {
storage.putFloat(parameter.name, *parameter.variable);
}
*parameter.variable = storage.getFloat(parameter.name, *parameter.variable);
parameter.value = *parameter.variable;
}
}
int parametersCount() {
return sizeof(parameters) / sizeof(parameters[0]);
}
const char *getParameterName(int index) {
if (index < 0 || index >= parametersCount()) return "";
return parameters[index].name;
}
float getParameter(int index) {
if (index < 0 || index >= parametersCount()) return NAN;
return *parameters[index].variable;
}
float getParameter(const char *name) {
for (auto &parameter : parameters) {
if (strcmp(parameter.name, name) == 0) {
return *parameter.variable;
}
}
return NAN;
}
bool setParameter(const char *name, const float value) {
for (auto &parameter : parameters) {
if (strcmp(parameter.name, name) == 0) {
*parameter.variable = value;
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
void syncParameters() {
static double lastSync = 0;
if (t - lastSync < 1) return; // sync once per second
if (motorsActive()) return; // don't use flash while flying, it may cause a delay
lastSync = t;
for (auto &parameter : parameters) {
if (parameter.value == *parameter.variable) continue;
if (isnan(parameter.value) && isnan(*parameter.variable)) continue; // handle NAN != NAN
storage.putFloat(parameter.name, *parameter.variable);
parameter.value = *parameter.variable;
}
}
void printParameters() {
for (auto &parameter : parameters) {
print("%s = %g\n", parameter.name, *parameter.variable);
}
}
void resetParameters() {
storage.clear();
ESP.restart();
}

View File

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ public:
return ret;
}
void toAxisAngle(float& a, float& b, float& c, float& angle) const {
void toAxisAngle(float& a, float& b, float& c, float& angle) {
angle = acos(w) * 2;
a = x / sin(angle / 2);
b = y / sin(angle / 2);
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ public:
return (*this = ret);
}
Quaternion operator * (const Quaternion& q) const {
Quaternion operator * (const Quaternion& q) {
return Quaternion(
w * q.w - x * q.x - y * q.y - z * q.z,
w * q.x + x * q.w + y * q.z - z * q.y,
@@ -155,33 +155,24 @@ public:
z /= n;
}
Vector conjugate(const Vector& v) const {
Vector conjugate(const Vector& v) {
Quaternion qv(0, v.x, v.y, v.z);
Quaternion res = (*this) * qv * inversed();
return Vector(res.x, res.y, res.z);
}
Vector conjugateInversed(const Vector& v) const {
Vector conjugateInversed(const Vector& v) {
Quaternion qv(0, v.x, v.y, v.z);
Quaternion res = inversed() * qv * (*this);
return Vector(res.x, res.y, res.z);
}
// Rotate vector by quaternion
Vector rotateVector(const Vector& v) const {
inline Vector rotate(const Vector& v) {
return conjugateInversed(v);
}
// Rotate quaternion by quaternion
Quaternion rotate(const Quaternion& q, const bool normalize = true) const {
Quaternion rotated = (*this) * q;
if (normalize) {
rotated.normalize();
}
return rotated;
}
bool finite() const {
inline bool finite() const {
return isfinite(w) && isfinite(x) && isfinite(y) && isfinite(z);
}

View File

@@ -4,66 +4,52 @@
// Work with the RC receiver
#include <SBUS.h>
#include "util.h"
// NOTE: use 'cr' command to calibrate the RC and put the values here
int channelNeutral[] = {995, 883, 200, 972, 512, 512, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
int channelMax[] = {1651, 1540, 1713, 1630, 1472, 1472, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
SBUS RC(Serial2); // NOTE: Use RC(Serial2, 16, 17) if you use the old UART2 pins
// RC channels mapping:
int rollChannel = 0;
int pitchChannel = 1;
int throttleChannel = 2;
int yawChannel = 3;
int armedChannel = 4;
int modeChannel = 5;
double controlsTime; // time of the last controls update
float channelNeutral[16] = {NAN}; // first element NAN means not calibrated
float channelMax[16];
void setupRC() {
print("Setup RC\n");
Serial.println("Setup RC");
RC.begin();
}
bool readRC() {
void readRC() {
if (RC.read()) {
SBUSData data = RC.data();
memcpy(channels, data.ch, sizeof(channels)); // copy channels data
normalizeRC();
controlsTime = t;
return true;
}
return false;
}
void normalizeRC() {
if (isnan(channelNeutral[0])) return; // skip if not calibrated
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < RC_CHANNELS; i++) {
controls[i] = mapf(channels[i], channelNeutral[i], channelMax[i], 0, 1);
}
}
void calibrateRC() {
print("Calibrate RC: move all sticks to maximum positions [4 sec]\n");
print("··o ··o\n··· ···\n··· ···\n");
pause(4);
while (!readRC());
for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
Serial.println("Calibrate RC: move all sticks to maximum positions within 4 seconds");
Serial.println("··o ··o\n··· ···\n··· ···");
delay(4000);
for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) readRC(); // ensure the values are updated
for (int i = 0; i < RC_CHANNELS; i++) {
channelMax[i] = channels[i];
}
print("Calibrate RC: move all sticks to neutral positions [4 sec]\n");
print("··· ···\n··· ·o·\n·o· ···\n");
pause(4);
while (!readRC());
for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
Serial.println("Calibrate RC: move all sticks to neutral positions within 4 seconds");
Serial.println("··· ···\n··· ·o·\n·o· ···");
delay(4000);
for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) readRC(); // ensure the values are updated
for (int i = 0; i < RC_CHANNELS; i++) {
channelNeutral[i] = channels[i];
}
printRCCal();
}
void printRCCal() {
for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(channelNeutral) / sizeof(channelNeutral[0]); i++) print("%g ", channelNeutral[i]);
print("\n");
for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(channelMax) / sizeof(channelMax[0]); i++) print("%g ", channelMax[i]);
print("\n");
printArray(channelNeutral, RC_CHANNELS);
printArray(channelMax, RC_CHANNELS);
}

View File

@@ -3,10 +3,8 @@
// Time related functions
float loopRate; // Hz
void step() {
double now = micros() / 1000000.0;
float now = micros() / 1000000.0;
dt = now - t;
t = now;
@@ -18,7 +16,7 @@ void step() {
}
void computeLoopRate() {
static double windowStart = 0;
static float windowStart = 0;
static uint32_t rate = 0;
rate++;
if (t - windowStart >= 1) { // 1 second window

View File

@@ -3,14 +3,10 @@
// Utility functions
#pragma once
#include <math.h>
#include <soc/soc.h>
#include <soc/rtc_cntl_reg.h>
const float ONE_G = 9.80665;
float mapf(long x, long in_min, long in_max, float out_min, float out_max) {
return (float)(x - in_min) * (out_max - out_min) / (float)(in_max - in_min) + out_min;
}
@@ -30,17 +26,17 @@ float wrapAngle(float angle) {
return angle;
}
// Disable reset on low voltage
void disableBrownOut() {
REG_CLR_BIT(RTC_CNTL_BROWN_OUT_REG, RTC_CNTL_BROWN_OUT_ENA);
template <typename T>
void printArray(T arr[], int size) {
Serial.print("{");
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
Serial.print(arr[i]);
if (i < size - 1) Serial.print(", ");
}
Serial.println("}");
}
// Trim and split string by spaces
void splitString(String& str, String& token0, String& token1, String& token2) {
str.trim();
char chars[str.length() + 1];
str.toCharArray(chars, str.length() + 1);
token0 = strtok(chars, " ");
token1 = strtok(NULL, " "); // String(NULL) creates empty string
token2 = strtok(NULL, "");
// Disable reset on low voltage
void disableBrownOut() {
WRITE_PERI_REG(RTC_CNTL_BROWN_OUT_REG, 0);
}

View File

@@ -54,15 +54,15 @@ public:
return Vector(x / b.x, y / b.y, z / b.z);
}
bool operator == (const Vector& b) const {
inline bool operator == (const Vector& b) const {
return x == b.x && y == b.y && z == b.z;
}
bool operator != (const Vector& b) const {
inline bool operator != (const Vector& b) const {
return !(*this == b);
}
bool finite() const {
inline bool finite() const {
return isfinite(x) && isfinite(y) && isfinite(z);
}

View File

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
// Wi-Fi support
#if WIFI_ENABLED
#if WIFI_ENABLED == 1
#include <WiFi.h>
#include <WiFiAP.h>
@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@
WiFiUDP udp;
void setupWiFi() {
print("Setup Wi-Fi\n");
Serial.println("Setup Wi-Fi");
WiFi.softAP(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASSWORD);
IPAddress myIP = WiFi.softAPIP();
udp.begin(WIFI_UDP_PORT);
}
void sendWiFi(const uint8_t *buf, int len) {
if (WiFi.softAPIP() == IPAddress(0, 0, 0, 0) && WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) return;
udp.beginPacket(WIFI_UDP_IP, WIFI_UDP_PORT);
udp.write(buf, len);
udp.endPacket();

View File

@@ -27,31 +27,15 @@ long map(long x, long in_min, long in_max, long out_min, long out_max) {
return (delta * rise) / run + out_min;
}
size_t strlcpy(char* dst, const char* src, size_t len) {
size_t l = strlen(src);
size_t i = 0;
while (i < len - 1 && *src != '\0') { *dst++ = *src++; i++; }
*dst = '\0';
return l;
}
class __FlashStringHelper;
// Arduino String partial implementation
// https://www.arduino.cc/reference/en/language/variables/data-types/stringobject/
class String: public std::string {
public:
String(const char *str = "") : std::string(str ? str : "") {}
long toInt() const { return atol(this->c_str()); }
float toFloat() const { return atof(this->c_str()); }
bool isEmpty() const { return this->empty(); }
void toCharArray(char *buf, unsigned int bufsize, unsigned int index = 0) const {
strlcpy(buf, this->c_str() + index, bufsize);
}
void trim() {
this->erase(0, this->find_first_not_of(" \t\n\r"));
this->erase(this->find_last_not_of(" \t\n\r") + 1);
}
};
class Print;
@@ -115,7 +99,7 @@ public:
class HardwareSerial: public Print {
public:
void begin(unsigned long baud) {
// server is running in background by default, so it doesn't have access to stdin
// server is running in background by default, so doesn't have access to stdin
// https://github.com/gazebosim/gazebo-classic/blob/d45feeb51f773e63960616880b0544770b8d1ad7/gazebo/gazebo_main.cc#L216
// set foreground process group to current process group to allow reading from stdin
// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58918188/why-is-stdin-not-propagated-to-child-process-of-different-process-group
@@ -145,18 +129,10 @@ public:
HardwareSerial Serial, Serial2;
class EspClass {
public:
void restart() { Serial.println("Ignore reboot in simulation"); }
} ESP;
void delay(uint32_t ms) {
std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(ms));
}
bool ledcAttach(uint8_t pin, uint32_t freq, uint8_t resolution) { return true; }
bool ledcWrite(uint8_t pin, uint32_t duty) { return true; }
unsigned long __micros;
unsigned long __resetTime = 0;

View File

@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
// Copyright (c) 2024 Oleg Kalachev <okalachev@gmail.com>
// Repository: https://github.com/okalachev/flix
// Partial implementation of the ESP32 Preferences library for the simulation
#include <map>
#include <fstream>
#include "util.h"
class Preferences {
private:
std::map<std::string, float> storage;
std::string storagePath;
void readFromFile() {
std::ifstream file(storagePath);
std::string key;
float value;
while (file >> key >> value) {
storage[key] = value;
}
}
void writeToFile() {
std::ofstream file(storagePath);
for (auto &pair : storage) {
file << pair.first << " " << pair.second << std::endl;
}
}
public:
bool begin(const char *name, bool readOnly = false, const char *partition_label = NULL) {
storagePath = getPluginPath().parent_path() / (std::string(name) + ".txt");
gzmsg << "Preferences initialized: " << storagePath << std::endl;
readFromFile();
return true;
}
bool isKey(const char *key) {
return storage.find(key) != storage.end();
}
size_t putFloat(const char *key, float value) {
storage[key] = value;
writeToFile();
return sizeof(value);
}
float getFloat(const char *key, float defaultValue = NAN) {
if (!isKey(key)) {
return defaultValue;
}
return storage[key];
}
bool clear() {
storage.clear();
writeToFile();
return true;
}
};

View File

@@ -14,10 +14,12 @@ public:
SBUS(HardwareSerial& bus, const bool inv = true) {};
SBUS(HardwareSerial& bus, const int8_t rxpin, const int8_t txpin, const bool inv = true) {};
void begin() {};
bool read() { return joystickInit(); };
bool read() { return joystickGet(); };
SBUSData data() {
SBUSData data;
joystickGet(data.ch);
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
data.ch[i] = channels[i];
}
return data;
};
};

View File

@@ -10,20 +10,28 @@
#include "Arduino.h"
#include "wifi.h"
#define RC_CHANNELS 16
#define MOTOR_REAR_LEFT 0
#define MOTOR_FRONT_LEFT 3
#define MOTOR_FRONT_RIGHT 2
#define MOTOR_REAR_RIGHT 1
#define WIFI_ENABLED 1
double t = NAN;
float t = NAN;
float dt;
float loopRate;
float motors[4];
int16_t channels[16]; // raw rc channels
float controls[16];
float controls[RC_CHANNELS];
float controlsTime;
Vector acc;
Vector gyro;
Vector rates;
Quaternion attitude;
// declarations
void step();
void computeLoopRate();
void applyGyro();
void applyAcc();
@@ -32,41 +40,23 @@ void interpretRC();
void controlAttitude();
void controlRate();
void controlTorque();
const char* getModeName();
void sendMotors();
void showTable();
bool motorsActive();
void testMotor(uint8_t n);
void print(const char* format, ...);
void pause(float duration);
void doCommand(String str, bool echo);
void handleInput();
void calibrateRC();
void normalizeRC();
void cliTestMotor(uint8_t n);
void printRCCal();
void dumpLog();
void processMavlink();
void sendMavlink();
void sendMessage(const void *msg);
void receiveMavlink();
void handleMavlink(const void *_msg);
void mavlinkPrint(const char* str);
inline Quaternion fluToFrd(const Quaternion &q);
void failsafe();
void armingFailsafe();
void rcLossFailsafe();
void descend();
int parametersCount();
const char *getParameterName(int index);
float getParameter(int index);
float getParameter(const char *name);
bool setParameter(const char *name, const float value);
void printParameters();
void resetParameters();
inline Quaternion FLU2FRD(const Quaternion &q);
// mocks
void setLED(bool on) {};
void calibrateGyro() { print("Skip gyro calibrating\n"); };
void calibrateAccel() { print("Skip accel calibrating\n"); };
void printIMUCal() { print("cal: N/A\n"); };
void calibrateGyro() { printf("Skip gyro calibrating\n"); };
void calibrateAccel() { printf("Skip accel calibrating\n"); };
void sendMotors() {};
void printIMUCal() { printf("cal: N/A\n"); };
void printIMUInfo() {};
Vector accBias, gyroBias, accScale(1, 1, 1);

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